Chapter 17 – Therapy Final Exam Review

1. Chapter 17 – TherapyFinal Exam Review

2. Epinephrine & Norepinephrine (Cont’d) Only 20% of norepinephrine is released from the adrenal glands, while the other 80% is released from terminal fibers (neuron ends) throughout the entire body

3. 30 0 Principles of operant conditioning underlie which of the following techniques? • Counterconditioning • Systematic desensitization • Stress inoculation training • The token economy

4. 30 0 Which type of therapy focuses on eliminating irrational thinking? • EMDR • Client-centred therapy • Cognitive therapy • Behaviour therapy

5. 30 0 Antidepressant drugs are believed to work by affecting serotonin or: • Dopamine • Lithium • Norepinephrine • acetylcholine

6. 0 of 30 Electroconvulsive therapy is most useful in the treatment of? • Schizophrenia • Depression • Personality disorders • Anxiety disorders

7. 30 0 Which of the following is the mood-stabilizing drug most commonly used to treat bipolar disorder? • Ativan • Chlopromazine • Xanax • Lithium

8. 0 of 30 During a session with his psychoanalyst, Jamal hesitates while describing a highly embarrassing thought. In the psychoanalytic framework, this is an example of: • Transference • Insight • Mental repression • Resistance

9. 0 of 30 Using techniques of classical conditioning to develop an association between unwanted behaviour and an unpleasant experience is known as: • Aversive conditioning • Systematic desensitization • Transference • Electroconvulsive therapy

10. 30 0 Carl Rogers was a ______ therapist who was the creator of _____. • Behaviour; systematic desensitization • Psychoanalytic; insight therapy • Humanistic; client-centred therapy • Cognitive; cognitive therapy for depression

11. 30 0 The technique in which a persona is asked to report everything that comes to his or her mind is called ______; it is favoured by ____therapists. • Active listening; cognitive • Spontaneous remission; humanistic • Free association; psychoanalytic • Systematic desensitization; behaviour

12. 30 0 0 During psychoanalysis, Jane has developed strong feelings of hatred for her therapist. The analyst interprets Jane’s behaviour in terms of a ____ of her feelings toward her father. • Projection • Resistance • Regression • Transference

13. 30 0 Given that Jim’s therapist attempts to help him by offering genuineness, acceptance, and empathy, she is probably practicing: • Psychoanalysis • Behaviour therapy • Cognitive therapy • Client-centred therapy

14. 30 0 0 Of the following categories of psychotherapy, which is known for its nondirective nature? • Psychoanalysis • Humanistic therapy • Behaviour therapy • Cognitive therapy

15. 30 0 Which of the following is not a common criticism of psychoanalysis? • It emphasizes the existence of repressed memories • It provides interpretations that are hard to disprove • It is generally a very expensive process • It gives therapists too much control over patients

16. 30 0 0 Which of the following types of therapy does not belong with the others? • Cognitive therapy • Family therapy • Self-help group • Support group

17. 0 of 30 Which of the following is not necessarily an advantage of group therapies over individual therapies? • They tend to take less time for the therapist • They tend to cost less money for the client • They are more effective • They allow the client to test new behaviours in a social context

18. 0 of 30 Which biomedical therapy is most likely to be practiced today? • Psychosurgery • Electroconvulsive therapy • Drug therapy • Counterconditioning

19. 0 of 30 Which type of psychotherapy emphasizes the individual’s inherent potential for self-fulfillment? • Behaviour therapy • Psychoanalysis • Humanistic therapy • Biomedical therapy

20. 0 of 30 The effectiveness of psychotherapy has been assessed both through clients’ perspectives and through controlled research studies. What have such assessments found? • Clients’ perceptions and controlled studies alike strongly affirm the effectiveness of psychotherapy • Whereas clients’ perceptions strongly affirm the effectiveness of psychotherapy, studies point to more modest results • Whereas studies affirm the effectiveness of psychotherapy, many clients feel dissatisfied with their progress • Clients’ perceptions and controlled studies alike paint a very mixed picture of the effectiveness of psychotherapy

21. 30 0 0 Although Moniz won the Nobel prize for developing the lobotomy procedure, the technique is not widely used today because: • It produces a lethargic, immature personality • It is irreversible • Calming drugs became available in the 1950s • All of the above reasons

22. 30 0 The results of meta-analysis of the effectiveness of different psychotherapies reveals that: • No single type of therapy is considered superior • Behaviour therapies are most effective in treating specific problems, such as phobias • Cognitive therapies are most effective in treating depressed emotions • All of the above are true

23. 30 0 0 To help Sam quit smoking, his therapist blew a blast of smoke into his face each time he inhaled. Which technique is the therapist using? • Exposure therapy • Behaviour modification • Systematic desensitization • Aversive conditioning

24. 0 of 30 In which of the following does the client learn to associate a relaxed state with a hierarchy of anxiety-arousing situations? • Cognitive therapy • Aversive conditioning • Counterconditioning • Systematic desensitization

25. 30 0 The technique of systematic desensitization is based on the premise that maladaptive symptoms are: • A reflection of irrational thinking • Conditioned responses • Expressions of unfulfilled wishes • All of the above

26. 30 0 0 The antipsychotic drugs appear to produce their effects by locking the receptor sites for: • Dopamine • Epinephrine • Norepinephrine • Seratonin

27. 0 of 30 Psychologists who advocate a _____ approach to mental health contend that many psychological disorders could be prevented by changing the disturbed individual’s _____. • Biomedical; diet • Family; behaviour • Humanistic; feelings • Preventive; environment

28. 30 0 An eclectic psychotherapist is one who: • Takes a nondirective approach in helping clients solve their problems • Views psychological disorders as usually stemming from one cause, such as biological abnormality • Uses one particular technique, such as psychoanalysis or counterconditioning, in treating disorders • Uses a variety of techniques, depending on the problem and the client

29. 30 0 The operant conditioning technique in which desired behaviours are rewarded with points or poker chips that can later be exchanged for various rewards is called: • Counterconditioning • Systematic desensitization • A token economy • Exposure therapy

30. 0 of 30 The techniques of counterconditioning are based on principles of: • Observational learning • Classical conditioning • Operant conditioning • Behaviour modification

31. 30 0 Seth enters therapy to talk about some issues that have been upsetting him. The therapist prescribes some medication to help him. The therapist is most likely a: • Clinical psychologist • Psychiatrist • Psychiatric social worker • Clinical social worker

32. 30 0 0 Light-exposure therapy has proven useful as a form for people suffering from: • Bulimia • Seasonal affective disorder • Schizophrenia • Dissociative identity disorder

33. 0 of 30 One variety of ______ therapy is based on the finding that depressed people often attribute failures to ______. • Humanistic; themselves • Behaviour; external circumstances • Cognitive; external circumstances • Cognitive; themselves

34. 30 0 A relative wants to know which type of therapy works best. You should tell your relative that: • Psychotherapy does not work • Behaviour therapy is the most effective • Cognitive therapy is the most effective • No one type of therapy is consistently the most successful

35. 0 of 30 The technique in which a therapist echoes and restates what a person says in a nondirective manner is called: • Active listening • Free association • Systematic desensitization • Meta-analysis

36. 30 0 Which type of psychotherapy focuses on changing unwanted behaviours rather than on discovering their underlying causes? • Behaviour therapy • Cognitive therapy • Humanistic therapy • Psychoanalysis

37. 0 of 30 In order to help him overcome his fear of flying, Duane’s therapist has him construct a hierarchy of anxiety-triggering stimuli and then learn to associate each with a state of deep relaxation. Duane’s therapist is using the technique called: • Systematic desensitization • Aversive conditioning • Shaping • Free association

38. 30 0 In an experiment testing the effects of a new antipsychotic drug, neither Dr. Cunningham nor her patients know whether the patients are in the experimental or the control group. This is an example of the ______ technique. • Meta-analysis • Within-subjects • Double-blind • Single-blind

39. 30 0 0 Unlike traditional psychoanalytic therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy: • Helps people gain insight into the roots of their problems • Offers interpretations of patients’ feelings • Focuses on current relationships • Does all of the above

40. 30 0 Among the common ingredients of the psychotherapies is: • The offer of a therapeutic relationship • The expectation among clients that the therapy will prove helpful • The chance to develop a fresh perspective on oneself and the world • All of the above

41. 30 0 0 Linda’s doctor prescribes medication that blocks the activity of dopamine in her nervous system. Evidently, Linda is being treated with an __________ drug. • Antipsychotic drug • Antianxiety • Antidepressant • Anticonvulsive

42. 30 0 Leota is startled when her therapist says that she needs to focus on eliminating her problem behaviour rather than gaining insight into its underlying cause. Most likely, Leota has consulted a _____ therapist. • Behaviour • Humanistic • Cognitive • Psychoanalytic

43. 0 of 30 A patient in a hospital receives poker chips for making her bed, being punctual at meal times, and maintaining her physical appearance. The poker chips can be exchanged for privileges, such as television viewing, snacks, and magazines. This is an example of the: • Psychodynamic therapy technique called systematic desensitization • Behaviour therapy technique called token economy • Cognitive therapy technique called token economy • Humanistic therapy technique called systematic desensitization