การพัฒนาพลเมืองอาเซียน รองรับศตวรรษที่ 21 บนพื้นฐานความหลากหลายทางพหุวัฒนธรรม

1. การพัฒนาพลเมืองอาเซียน รองรับศตวรรษที่ 21 บนพื้นฐานความหลากหลายทางพหุวัฒนธรรม ผศ.ดร. การดี เลียวไพโรจน์ Thammasat Business School karndee@tbs.tu.ac.th

2. Progress of the implementation of the ASCC Blueprint

3. Group 1: North ASEAN – CLMV • Emerging economy • Fast development • Open to technology and advance service

4. Group 2: Muslim Countries • Muslim countries • Urbanization • Modern lifestyle

5. Group 3: Global / International Countries • Urbanization • Modern and sophisiticated lifestyle • Western lifestyle

6. Cambodia • Growing economy • Rising middle class • Price sensitive • Luxury products among the riches and politicians

7. Peaceful and Conservative but yet Open-Minded Laos PDR Simple & Easy Going Family Oriented Friendly Society Growing City – More Construction

8. Very Socializing. Infrastructure on the Way Myanmar Places to Hangout Booming Property & Construction Decent Service & Products for Expats

9. Urbanization in Ho Chi Min City Vietnam Faces of The Future Anything for the Brighter Future • Small gap between the poor and the rich • Modernization is moving forward • Urbanization • Materialistic • Fashion and IT products • Similar to China before modernization

10. Malaysia • A growing market that is about to achieve developed nation status • The world’s largest Islamic financial market • 80% of population – Middle and upper classes

11. Indonesia • World’s largest Muslim country • Very flexible with changes in lifestyle including food culture • Jakarta – large number of foreign brand stores • Convenient seeker – fashion – IT Products

12. Peaceful Lifestyle Brunei Darussalam High income but not many places to spend No Nightlife Excitement seeker

13. Philippines • Men – unskilled job; Women – Managerial position • Price – quality sensitive

14. Singapore • Singapore – most innovative cities • Outstanding infrastructure • Become more ‘work-life balance’ • Aging society • Lowest ‘food security’ in ASEAN

15. 7 Major ASEAN Social Factors & Trends 1 Influx of foreign investment and increasing job opportunity 2 Urbanization & migration in ASEAN Rise of ASEAN middle class and new riches 3 4 Expansion of IT & social media Greying ASEAN 5 6 Women Advancement 7 Culture Coaliation

16. 7 Major ASEAN Social Factors & Trends are reshaping ASEAN societies and way of life 1 Influx of foreign investment and increasing job opportunity • Domestic impact of internationalization raises awareness of self & international cultures • Diverse workface & talent pools • Resource exploitation • ASEAN needs to orchestrate the rapid growth How we are in ASEAN Community? | Karndee Leopairote| Thammasat Business School | All Right Reserved 2013

17. 7 Major ASEAN Social Factors & Trends are reshaping ASEAN societies and way of life 2 Urbanization & migration in ASEAN • Lao PRD posts largest growth • Urban area – the engine room of economic growth • The ASEAN cities are growing faster than infrastrcuture • Expanding urbanization creates waves of new ASEAN consumers • New gen is more environmental friendly than the older gen How we are in ASEAN Community? | Karndee Leopairote| Thammasat Business School | All Right Reserved 2013

18. 7 Major ASEAN Social Factors & Trends are reshaping ASEAN societies and way of life 3 Rise of ASEAN middle class and new riches • Booming consumer products/services – technology products • Driver of entrepreneruship and innovation • Spending than saving – risk of household debt and financial vulnerability

19. 7 Major ASEAN Social Factors & Trends are reshaping ASEAN societies and way of life ASEAN Social Factors & Trends 4 Expansion of IT & social media • Fast growing internet users and penetration • Borderless source of knowledge • Rise of digital consumers and entrepreneurs & business • Social participation & culture integration • Privacy invasion How we are in ASEAN Community? | Karndee Leopairote| Thammasat Business School | All Right Reserved 2013

20. 7 Major ASEAN Social Factors & Trends are reshaping ASEAN societies and way of life 5 Greying ASEAN • Especially in Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam • Working after retirement age • Coping with producitivty issue – SG • Coping with healthcare and well being

21. 7 Major ASEAN Social Factors & Trends are reshaping ASEAN societies and way of life 6 Women Advancement • Balancing between work and family • Family responsibilities – constraints to choice of career • New work model

22. 7 Major ASEAN Social Factors & Trends are reshaping ASEAN societies and way of life 7 Culture Coaliation • Multicultural work place • Diverse workforce: different values & etiquettes • Better be adaptable

23. Thai new gen still lack of critical attributes Minset Thinking Skills • Open mind to culture diversity • Adaptability to dynamic environments • Critical thinking & problem solving skills • Life long learning Work behavior Communication Skills • Taking initiatives • Accepting failure • Life mastery with career aspiration • Communication barrier in both native and foreign languages • Roadblock for future opportunity Paper 1.1 – New Generation of Thais as ASEAN Citizen | Karndee Leopairote, PhD

24. Recommendations Improve foreign language and communcation skills • Structural initiatives: Program customization • Each school should have an authority, sufficient resources, and tangible supports from the government in order to tailor lessons and appropriate teaching facilities for its unique strengths and weaknesses of the students. • Flagship and quick win initiatives: Teaching resource investment • Investing in hiring English native speakers to all schools, • Overhauling the English lesson books, • Stressing on natural learning process for foreign communication rather than beating high score in the exam. Paper 1.1 – New Generation of Thais as ASEAN Citizen | Karndee Leopairote, PhD

25. Recommendations Promote the cultural diversity and sense of collaboration • Structural initiatives: Shifting focal point from ‘me’ to ‘us’ • History lesson – understanding cause and effects • Promoting the sense of region; regional and global perspective • Flagship and quick win initiatives: Change agents to create impact • ASEAN student exchange program; ASEAN teacher exchange program; Virtual ASEAN classroom; Class field trip to the neighboring countries. • These change makers, though it may start small, can eventually absorb the culture diversity and somehow transfer the experience to the larger group Promote the cultural diversity and sense of collaboration Structural initiatives: Promote thinking skill and systematic problem solving skill since very young age – In response to the rise ASEAN social trends, the new generation must be well equipped with skills to respond to those changes. Paper 1.1 – New Generation of Thais as ASEAN Citizen | Karndee Leopairote, PhD

26. Implications to Thailand’s Human Resource Work productivity is not improving fast enough Higher labor mobility brings both opportunities and challenges Although there have been a noticeable improvement in labor productivity of ASEAN countries and in Thailand over the past decade, the productivity in China and India has grown in much faster rate. • More competitive country will gain the benefit from brain-gain where the less competitive country will encounter the brain-drain scenario With the wage hike but relative low productivity Significant proportion of self-employment and growing start-up entrepreneurs • The tangible direction should be set and focus on increasing work productivity with innovation and technology. • Systematic action should be done to shift those from informal sector to formal sector. • Developmentof entrepreneurship skill and innovation capability are urgently required Paper 1.2 – New Challenges in Human Development: Leveraging the ASEAN Human Resources to Address National Gaps | Karndee Leopairote, PhD

27. Current issues of Thai Human Resource Education attainment and employability Work behavior and discipline in multicultural workplace • Growing needs for lower secondary education level in industry and service sectors • Growing needs for higher secondary education level in agricultural sector • Labor demand is growing in the same domain – the industries are not moving up the value chain • Thai labor market across all sectors still rely on the low-skilled worker and labor-intensive activity • Communication barrier • Thai workers are still far from being the leader • Passive and not arguable • Confrontation and critism avoidance value • Singaporean – confidence & commitment; Malaysia – systematic; Vietnamese – high endurance Inadequate science and mathematic skills New generation’s positive attitude towards entrepreneurship • Fundamental skills for the future work are still very poor • Affects the potential leadership, a source of greater knowledge and resource and the potential to create innovation • Evidence of business internationalization – 6 times larger proportion from 2007 • Growing young social entreprenuers • Cash flow – common constraint for start-up • Lack of innovation in business – still in ‘me-too’ business Paper 1.2 – New Challenges in Human Development: Leveraging the ASEAN Human Resources to Address National Gaps | Karndee Leopairote, PhD

28. THANK YOU karndee@tbs.tu.ac.th