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The Manhattan Project

The Manhattan Project. American History Mr. Stephens. Introduction. Does anyone know what some historians consider to be the most important event of the 20 th century (1900-1999)? Hint: It relates to World War II. Building the Bomb.

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The Manhattan Project

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  1. The Manhattan Project American History Mr. Stephens

  2. Introduction • Does anyone know what some historians consider to be the most important event of the 20th century (1900-1999)? • Hint: It relates to World War II.

  3. Building the Bomb • Leo Szilard – (physicist) He learned that the Germans split the uranium atom • Szilard convinced Einstein to signed a letter to President Roosevelt. • Work of British scientists were skeptical until the British showed their progress.

  4. Manhattan Project • Code name for building an atomic bomb. • Project headed by General Leslie Groves • Building of first nuclear reactor by Szilard and Enrico Fermi at University of Chicago • Los Alamos, NM – secret laboratory where bomb was built led by J. Robert Oppenheimer • July 1945 – first atomic bomb detonated

  5. Hiroshima • Enola Gay dropped “Little Boy” on Hiroshima • Bomb destroyed 63 percent of the city • About 80,000 to 120,000 died instantly • Many died later from nuclear burns and radiation • How do you think this act changed modern war? • Which countries today do we worry about?

  6. Nagasaki • “Fat Man” dropped on Nagasaki August 9, 1945, three days after Hiroshima was bombed • Killed between 35,000 and 74,000 people • Soviets declared war on Japan earlier that day • Japan surrenders August 15, 1945 (V-J Day) • What are the pros/cons of bomb? Ethical?

  7. Activity • You are in the cabinet of President Truman • Groups will discuss the question: Should the United Stated have dropped the bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki? • The group should come to a consensus (agree) • Write a letter to President Truman and sign in.

  8. Resources • “The atomic bomb does not discriminate. Of course, those who were fighting may have to suffer. But the atomic bomb kills everyone from little babies to old people. And it's not an easy death. It's a very cruel and very painful way to die. I think that this cannot be allowed to happen again anywhere in the world. I don't say this just because I'm a Japanese atomic bomb survivor. I feel that people all over the world must speak out.” -Isao Kita (http://www.inicom.com/hibakusha/isao.html)

  9. Resources (p. 523) • Admiral Leahy- (Chairman of Joint Chiefs of Staff) said bomb killed indiscriminately • Henry Stimson- (Sec. of War) warn Japan of bomb; let them keep emperor if they surrender • James Byrnes- (Sec. of State) drop bomb without warning and shock Japan to surrender • President Truman- believed he should use every weapon available to save American lives

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