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Understanding Parton Distributions in Protons and Nuclei for EIC at HIAF

The evolution of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and its equations is vital for comprehending parton distributions in protons and nuclei, especially in the context of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) at HIAF. This work discusses various kinematic domains and the applicability of different QCD evolution equations, such as DGLAP, GLRMQ, and BFKL. We also explore the significance of valence quark inputs and the development of a comprehensive parton distribution function (PDF) database necessary for nuclear and spin-dependent studies.

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Understanding Parton Distributions in Protons and Nuclei for EIC at HIAF

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  1. A QCD evolution equation and EIC@HIAF ZHU WEI ECNU 2013.7. WeiHai

  2. Parton distributions in proton and nuclei is an important knowledge for EIC EIC@HIAF vs BEPC QCD evolution equation is a necessary tool for understanding parton distributions

  3. Kinematic domainEIC@HIAF

  4. QCD evolution equations • DGLAP x>10^{-3}, Q^2>1-4 GeV^2 • GLRMQ x<10^{-2}? • BFKL x<10^{-4}? • BK x<10^{-4}? • JIMWLK x<10^{-4}, Q^2>1 GeV^2 • ZRS x>10^{-4}, Q^2>0.06 GeV^2

  5. Gribov, Levin and Ryskin , Mueller and Qiu

  6. W.Zhu, D.L.Xue, K.M. Chai, Z.X. Xu, Phys. Lett. B317 (1993) 200 W.Zhu, K.M.Chai, B.He, Nucl. Phys. B427 (1994) 525 W.Zhu, K.M.Chai, B.He, Nucl. Phys. B449 (1995) 183

  7. Zhu-Shen-Ruan

  8. Complete version of equation

  9. L.V. Gribov, E.M. Levin and M.G. Ryskin, Phys. Rep. 100, 1 (1983). A.H. Mueller and J. Qiu, Nucl. Phys. B268, 427 (1986) W. Zhu, Nucl. Phys. B551, 245 (1999). W. Zhu and J.H.Ruan, Nucl. Phys. B559, 378 (1999). W. Zhu, Z.Q. Shen and J.H. Ruan, Nuclear Physics B 692 (2004) 417.

  10. 1. First realize three valence quark input • G. Parisi and R. Petronzio, Phys. Lett. 62B, 331 (1976) • V.A. Novikov, M.A. Shifman, A.I. Vainshtein, V.I. Zakharov:JETP Len. 24 (1976) 341 • M. Gluck, E. Reya: Nucl. Phys. B130, 76 (1977) Unsuccessful

  11. Input distributions

  12. Why equation can work at Q^2<<1 GeV^2?

  13. A bridge connecting withChiral quark model

  14. 2. Minimum free parameters

  15. Typical database of PDF • Proton GRV 23 parameters+DGLAP • CTEQ 36parameters+DGLAP

  16. Proton 4 free parameters

  17. 3. EMC effectAdd 2 free parameters

  18. 4. Nuclear PDF • HKM 16 free parameters • EPS 24 free parameters • Our 2 free parameters

  19. 5. Quark saturation

  20. Quark saturation has similar properties as JIMWLK saturation

  21. JIMWLK saturation (gluon)

  22. 6. Nuclear shadowing saturation

  23. Next step in EIC@HIAF • PDF database for proton • nPDF database for nuclei • Spin-dependent PDF • PDF for pion and kaon • SRC • Antishadowing • TMD…….

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