The Agricultural South

1. The Agricultural South Basing their entire economy on agriculture will begin to separate the southern colonies from the northern colonies

2. Plantation Society • Plantation-large,self sufficient • Rivers are deep,wide • No need for docks,warehouses • Shops,markets do not develop • South will stay rural

3. Southern Society • Immigrants to north came for religious freedom • Immigrants to middle colonies came for religious and economic reasons • Immigrants to south come for one reason-Make Money$$$$$

4. Life as a Planter • Life is good! • Parties,balls,banquets • They will control politics • They will control many aspects of society • 1700-1770-Their standard of living is going way up • They will need slavery to keep up this lifestyle

5. Role of women • Second class citizens • No legal/social rights • Could not vote • Taught to cook,clean,sew,garden • Do what your husband says!

6. Indentured servants • Mostly young,white men • Only 10% will out live service • Life barely better than being a slave • If you do become free, than harsh life awaits you on the frontier • They will stop coming to new world

7. Slavery • Decline in indentured servants,increase in need for slaves • Indians not good, they know the land, escape easily • White colonists see blacks as being inferior, this is how they justify what they do

8. Triangular trade • Rum/goods from colonies to Africa • Trade for slaves • Slaves to W.Indies-sold for sugar,molasses • Sugar,molasses to colonies to make rum • This will encompass No./So. Colonies,W.Indies,England Europe Africa

10. Middle passage • The trans-Atlantic trip for slaves from Africa • Horrible,inhumane • Slaves are crammed in small spaces, chained,no air, much disease • They could not even starve themselves to death-would be force-fed

12. Africans adapt • Came from all over Africa • Bonded with each other to support each other, fight back • Kept their culture alive • Took care of each others children • Customary dance pays tribute to gods and ancestors

13. Stono rebellion • Slaves are not “passive” in their enslavement • They kill planter families • Very nearly successful

14. Results of rebellion • Slave laws become even more strict • Slaves will continue to rebel • Slaves will take up with natives • Marriage between them is common • Colonies becoming more and more dependent on slave labor

15. The commercial north Diversity is the key to their success

16. Urban-based society • Trade,commerce • Population concentrated in cities • Schools! • Very broad based economy

17. Diverse economy • They produce many crops • Wheat and corn are mainstays • Lumber,fishing • Shipbuilding • Merchants are a powerful political force • Middle colonies will be known as the “breadbasket”

18. Urban life • Busy ports=growing cities • N.Y.,Boston,Philadelphia • Phil. Will become 2nd. Largest city in British empire • Phil. becomes model for future cities • Open public spaces,paved,lighted(oil lamps) streets,grid layout,police patrols

20. Big city drawbacks • Over populated • Clean water,firewood hard to come by • They really did not plan for sewage/garbage issues • No public works program

21. Diverse society • The north attracts a wide variety of immigrants • They come for many reasons • They tend to come as families • Shockingly,These many ethnic groups do not mix well

22. Northern slavery • Make no mistake,racism,slavery existed in the north • Did not flourish because of nature of the economy-very diverse • Wheat,corn not as labor intensive as rice,tobacco • Slaves did have better status-they could sue/be sued • There were rebellions in the north also

23. Women's rights • No./So. Agree on this! • Second class citizens • Few legal rights • No voting • Only a single woman could own a business • Husbands control all aspects of life

24. Salem witch trials • A perfect storm of women’s rights, religious fanatics, and native relations • Poor girls will accuse mostly upper class people of being witches • Hysteria spreads • Shockingly, only when the governor's wife is accused do they think that maybe this is out of control!

26. The enlightenment • Post witch trials,people will question religion as sole authority on how the world functions • Natural laws, not miracles, or chance dictate the world • Political figures conclude that individuals have natural rights- “the pursuit of happiness” • Ben Franklin- uses experiments,reasoning, to figure out the processes of nature

28. The Great Awakening • 1691- laws change-Puritans can no longer force their religion on all • They begin to lose control • There is an increase in desire for personal pleasure/gain

29. Jonathan Edwards • He leads the charge to get people back on religious track • You need more than church attendance • Rededicate yourselves to God • Revivals of 1730s-1740s are HUGE • Colonists,Indians,Africans come to Christianity for the 1st time

30. Results of the Awakening • Old established churches are challenged • New denominations gain members • Great increase in higher education

31. Things to remember • Reason/emotion emphasized • Individual now important • Church no longer sole authority • Colonists will question British authority • No./So. Are worlds apart in how they view economy/society • They do agree on role of women!