What Makes a Sentence?

1. What Makes a Sentence?

2. The Sentence Jingle • A sentence, sentence, sentence is complete, complete, complete, when 5 simple rules, it meets, meets, meets. It has a subject, subject, subject, and a verb, verb, verb. It makes sense, sense, sense with every word, word, word. Add a capital letter, letter, and an end mark, mark. Now we’re finished, and aren’t we smart! Now our sentence has all its parts! REMEMBER: subject, verb, complete sense, capital letter, and an end mark, too. That’s what a sentence is all about!

3. Rule 1: It has a Subject • Where have you heard the word subject before? • In a sentence, a subject is the person or thing (noun) that is doing something. • Ex 1: The cat caught the mouse. In this sentence, the cat is the subject, because the cat is doing the catching. • Yesterday morning Matt went for a run. In this sentence, Matt is the subject because he went running. • 5.LA.5.3.1 Identify complex sentences with subject and verb agreement.

4. Subject Practice • Try to find the subject in these sentences. • Frogs jump up and down. • The dog jumped off the Shuttlecraft. • The big lamp fell to the ground.

5. Subject Practice • Let’s check your answers. • Frogs jump up and down. • The dog jumped off the Shuttlecraft. • The big lamp fell to the ground.

6. Rule 2: It Has a Verb (Predicate) • Remember, a verb is one of the eight parts of speech. When we put a verb in a sentence, it is called a predicate. Action verbs are the easiest types of predicates to locate. • The man ate a hot dog. In this sentence, ate is the verb/predicate. • Le Bron James shot a basket. Shot is the verb/predicate in this sentence. • Justin Bieber sings songs. The predicate in this sentence is sings. • 5.LA.5.3.1 Identify complex sentences with subject and verb agreement.

7. Rule 2: It Has a Verb (Predicate) • Sometimes an action verb needs a little help, and two words become the predicate in a sentence. Here are examples of sentences that have both a helping and action verb making up a predicate. • The t.v. is sitting on a stand. • The ducks are quaking really loudly.

8. Rule 2: It Has a Verb (Predicate) • The predicate in a sentence is not always an action verb. Sometimes it is a linking verb. A linking verb does not show any action. Here are some examples of sentences that have linking verbs for predicates. • The New York Giants are talented. In this sentence, are is the predicate. The New York Giants are not doing anything, they are simply “being.” • Maxim is a nice guy. Is is the predicate in this sentence.

9. Predicate Practice • Can you find the verbs/predicates in the following sentences. • The horse ran to the trough. • Allie is reading a book. • Tigers are ferocious.

10. Predicate Practice Did you choose the following answers? • The horse ran to the trough. • Allie is reading a book. • Tigers are ferocious.

11. Subjects and Predicates • At times, you will be asked to find the simple or complete subject and predicate. We have been finding simple subjects and simple predicates so far in this lesson.For example: • The large catate a small mouse. In this sentence cat is the simple subject and ate is the simple predicate. • To find the complete predicate, underline the simple predicate and everything that comes after it. • The large catate a small mouse. • Whatever is left over in your sentence is your complete subject. • The large catate a small mouse

12. Complete Subjects • Let’s find the complete subjects in these sentences. • The young actress Miley Cyrus has made a lot of money in a short time. • Last season Derek Jeter played for the New York Yankees. • Double check to make sure your complete subject contains all the words before the predicate.

13. Complete Predicates • Let’s take the same sentences now and find the complete predicates. • The young actress Miley Cyrus has made a lot of money in a short time. • Last season Derek Jeter played for the New York Yankees.

14. Rule #3: It makes sense! • This is an easy rule. All you have to do is make sure what you are writing or saying makes sense!

15. Rule #4: Add a Capital Letter • This is another easy one. Make sure to capitalize all of your sentences!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! • 5.LA.5.4.1 Apply capitalization correctly in writing.

16. Rule #5: Add an End Mark • This is an EASY rule, but people often get in a hurry and forget to put an end mark on their sentences. • There are three types of end marks that can be used: • A period (.) • An exclamation mark (!) • A question mark (?) • 5.LA.5.4.2 Identify a colon to introduce a list and in a greeting. Identify quotation marks to punctuate dialogue. (see content limit)

17. Types of Sentences • Depending on whether you use a period, question mark, or exclamation point will change what we call a sentence. • 5.LA.5.3.1 Identify complex sentences with subject and verb agreement.(see content limit)

18. Exclamatory Sentences • Perhaps the exclamatory sentence is the easiest to remember. • When a sentence shows great excitement or shouting, you should put an exclamation mark at the end of it. All sentences with exclamation marks are called exclamatory sentences. • Here are some examples of exclamatory sentences: There is a snake in the bath tub! Ouch! Tommy pulled my hair! Tomorrow is my birthday, and I can’t wait!

19. Interrogative Sentences • Interrogative sentences are also easy to identify, but perhaps hard to say. There is a simple rule to identify these sentences. If someone is asking a question, it is an interrogative sentence. Here are some examples of interrogative sentences: Will you buy me a grilled cheese sandwich? Did you go to bed late last night? Is the sky purple or orange?

20. Imperative Sentences • It gets a little more tricky when trying to identify sentences that end with a period. But have no fear! You can do it. • Sentences that give a command, you know bossy sentences, are called imperative sentences. • Here are some examples of imperative sentences: • Sit down and be quiet. • Go to bed right now. • Take out the trash when you get home from school.

21. Declarative Sentences • Not all sentences that end in periods are considered imperative. They can also be considered declarative sentences. • Declarative sentences are sentences that simple tell you information. They do not exclaim, ask a question, or give a command. • Here are some examples of declarative sentences: • I like to drink diet coke and eat fries with fry sauce. • Taylor Swift is a very successful singer. • Fifth graders are good a writing sentences.

22. Types of Sentences • Now it’s your turn to practice. What type of mark should you place at the end of these sentences. What type of sentences are they? • Orange is Miss Feely’s favorite color • There is a shark in the water • What subject does Mr. William’s teach • Do not run in the halls

23. How did you do? • Orange is Miss Feely’s favorite color. Declarative • There is a shark in the water! Exclamatory • What subject does Mr. William’s teach? Interrogative • Do not run in the halls. Imperative

24. Put It All Together • A sentence, sentence, sentence is complete, complete, complete, when 5 simple rules, it meets, meets, meets. It has a subject, subject, subject, and a verb, verb, verb. It makes sense, sense, sense with every word, word, word. Add a capital letter, letter, and an end mark, mark. Now we’re finished, and aren’t we smart! Now our sentence has all its parts! REMEMBER: subject, verb, complete sense, capital letter, and an end mark, too. That’s what a sentence is all about!

25. More Practice • Subjects and Predicates: • http://www.quia.com/rr/36765.html • Types of Sentences: • http://www.quia.com/quiz/106467.html

26. Picture References • http://blogs.federaltimes.com/federal-times-blog/2010/07/08/former-sec-lawyer-sues-lebron-james-for-4m-claims-hes-his-dad-wait-what/ • http://www.bsckids.com/2010/03/justin-bieber-on-the-view-twice/ • http://khairilhusni.blogmas.com/2009/11/10/taylor-swift-jump-then-fall-lyrics/ • http://www.bsckids.com/2010/05/miley-cyrus-promo-of-muchmusic-video-awards-on-june-20th/ • http://www.zillow.com/blog/yankee-derek-jeter-building-huge-mansion-in-tampa/2009/07/16/