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Chapter 11 Modern Atomic Theory

Chapter 11 Modern Atomic Theory. This chapter helps us understand why chemicals do the things they do!!. What are atoms like? What is the structure of one? We learned a little about them earlier, and how they were grouped (on the Periodic Table)

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Chapter 11 Modern Atomic Theory

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  1. Chapter 11Modern Atomic Theory This chapter helps us understand why chemicals do the things they do!!

  2. What are atoms like? • What is the structure of one? • We learned a little about them earlier, and how they were grouped (on the Periodic Table) • It has everything to do with electrons and how they are arranged • But first! electromagnetic radiation…

  3. 11.1 rutherford’s atom • Remember: Rutherfordand his buddies (in Ch 3) found that the atom had a nucleus with electrons on the outside • The nucleus was very small and was made of p and n • The e- made up the rest of the atom…

  4. But what were the e- doing?How were they arranged?Why didn’t they just crash into the nucleus? • Somethingmore wasneeded!!! • We needenlightenment!

  5. 11.2 energy and light • When Energy is transmitted from one place to another by light we call it Electromagnetic radiation • Examples include lightbulbs, fire places, the sun, X-rays, microwave ovens, you! • But what’s the difference between all these light sources ?

  6. It has to do with waves and their properties • Waves have three main characteristics: Wavelength, Frequency, & Speed…

  7. Wavelength (l) is the distance between two consecutive wave peaks • Frequency (n) is how many waves pass a given point per given time • speed is, obviously, how fast a wave travels through its “medium” • Light does asimilar thing towater waves; ittravels at lightspeed with land n…

  8. The ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM!! a.k.a. EM

  9. The EM radiation mentioned earlier all have their l and n, and all transfer Energy from one place to another - even through space! • What’s extra weird about light, though, is that it can behave as waves and as particles at the same time!!!…

  10. The light “particles” are called photons • So is it a wave or a particle? both!!! • Called wave-particle nature of light

  11. Different wavelengths carry different amounts of energy, blue more than yellow more than red… • X-rays more than uv, visible more than IR, IR more than radio, etc.

  12. 11.3 Emission of energy by atoms • Why the different colors here?

  13. Flame Tests

  14. they only light up when they receive energy (from the flame or electricity); but why??? • perhaps the atoms are getting excited by absorbing the E • when they release that same amount of E they give off in the form of light

  15. here Li is giving off a photon of reddish light; Cu would give off green, sodium yellow • but, again, why? • somehow they give off the exact amount of E they received and are happier b/c of it

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