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Examining Gender and Social Trust: Measurement Equivalence Through Structural Equation Modelling

This research investigates the relationship between gender and social trust using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Conducted by Sarah Louise Bulloch at the University of Surrey, it explores how various factors—such as education, paid employment, income, and political capital—shape trust levels across genders. By analyzing data from the European Social Survey, the study highlights the challenge of measurement equivalence in social trust. The findings raise important questions about how trust is perceived differently by gender, opening avenues for future research in this field.

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Examining Gender and Social Trust: Measurement Equivalence Through Structural Equation Modelling

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  1. ESRC Research Methods Festival Using Structural Equation Modelling to re-examine the association between gender and social trust: the search for measurement equivalence Sarah Louise Bulloch Research Student University of Surrey S.Bulloch@surrey.ac.uk

  2. ESRC Research Methods Festival • Remit of the Research • Social and Political Trust project • “to apply a range of advanced statistical modelling techniques to the UK's rich secondary data resources to investigate the causes and consequences of social and political trust” • Social trust and gender

  3. ESRC Research Methods Festival • Why we might expect gender to be associated with social trust • Education • (Brehm and Rahn 1997, Uslaner 2002, Li et. al. 2005, Sturgis et. al. 2007) • Paid employment • (Brehm and Rahn 1997, Glaeser et. al. 1999, Inglehart 1999) • Income (Paterson 1999, Uslaner 2002) • Political capital (Claibourn and Martin 2000)

  4. ESRC Research Methods Festival • How to explore these associations? • European Social Survey • 3 Trust Questions: • ppltrst: ‘Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you can't be too careful in dealing with people? • pplfair: Do you think that most people would try to take advantage of you if they got a chance or would they try to be fair? • plhelp: Would you say that most of the time people try to be helpful or are they mostly looking out for themselves?

  5. ESRC Research Methods Festival Problem: measurement equivalence of trust across gender Gender B A

  6. ESRC Research Methods Festival Measurement equivalence of social trust across gender ESS 04

  7. ESRC Research Methods Festival • Implications and reflections • Comparison of mean trust levels is problematic in most countries. • Opens new research idea: substantive explanation for differential item functions? • SEM approach brought the issue to light • But is the method appropriate for the research instrument/ question? Sensitivity of fit measures etc

  8. ESRC Research Methods Festival Thank you. For links to papers from the SAPT project please see http://www.sapt.surrey.ac.uk/resources.htm

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