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Driver ’s Attention during Monotonous Driving

This study explores the decline of driver attention during monotonous driving conditions, specifically on motorways. Utilizing event-related potentials (ERP) and auditory stimulation techniques, we analyze the electric activity of the brain to understand how attention varies over time. Our experiment involved a controlled group of university students, measuring the peak latency of the P3 component to identify changes in attention as fatigue sets in. The findings provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of driver distraction and the potential for enhancing road safety.

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Driver ’s Attention during Monotonous Driving

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  1. Driver’s Attention during Monotonous Driving Roman Mouček, Jan Řeřicha University of West Bohemia Pilsen, Czech Republic

  2. Introduction • Why • Attention of drivers – road safety • Decline of attention is natural • What: • Investigation of driver’s attention during monotonous driving • How: • Electric activity of human brain • Technique of event related potentials (ERP) • ERP experiment based on auditory stimulation • Results

  3. Attention of drivers • Long rides • Monotonous driving – motorways • Not focused on prolongation of driver’s reactions • EEG (electrophysiology) vs. ERP (event related potential) • Auditory stimulation during monotonous drive – changes in the peak latency of the P3 component

  4. Hypothesis • Peal latency of the P3 component increases in time as the driver is more tired from monotonous drive

  5. ERP and P3 Component • Advantages compared to behavior techniques • Which stages of processing are influenced by experimental manipulation • Online measure of the processing of stimuli • P3 component • depends entirely on the task performed by the subject • Sensitive to variety of factors • Related to process called “context updating” • sensitive to the probability of the target stimulus.

  6. P3 amplitude • P3 amplitude • increases when the probability of the target stimulus class decreases • becomes larger when it is preceded by a greater number of non-target stimuli • is larger when the subject pays more attention to a task • is smaller if the subject does not know whether a given stimulus is / is not a target

  7. P3 latency • associated with stimulus categorization • If stimulus categorization is postponed, P3 latency is increased • While P3 latency depends on the time required to stimulus categorization it does not depend on consequent processes (e.g. response selection) • can be used to determine if a performed experiment influences the processes of stimulus categorization or processes related to a response

  8. Experiment - Objectives • To construct a highly monotonous track where a substantial decrease of attention is supposed. • To design and implement a common auditory ERP experiment. • To perform the ERP experiment on the group of tested subjects. • To divide the drive into time intervals of the same length and compare the latency of the averaged P3 components in these time intervals. • To evaluate results to confirm/reject the hypothesis.

  9. Laboratory

  10. Laboratory

  11. Track

  12. Laboratory - metadata • Hardware equipment • Software tools • Recording System • Tested subjects • Course of experiments • Environment • Data and metadata storage

  13. Recording system • 10-20 system • The cap reference electrode used first, then reference electrode was placed above the nose

  14. Tested subjects • A group of 14 men • university students, aged 21-23, • All of them were right-handed, no visual or auditory defects. • All of them had a driving license

  15. Course of experiment • Preparation phase • standard biorhythms • not to drink any stimulating substances and alcoholic beverages • to come not exhausted. • familiarized with the basic behavioral rules during an EEG/ERP experiment • …. • Experiment - 40 minutes • Closing phase - several questions related to subjects’ feeling of tiredness

  16. Data processing • Data import • Data filtering • Rejection of corrupted data • Data selection • Channels selection • Extraction of epochs • Baseline correction • Data averaging

  17. Results

  18. Results – cap reference, Cz electrode

  19. Results – nose reference, Cz electrode

  20. Conclusion • P3 component was found • prolongation of peak latency over time could not be clearly observed • long target stimulus stretched the length of the component - stretched components are worse analyzable - absolute coordinates are distorted. • not many of target stimuli because of frequent removal of the artifacts • this kind of attention decline did not affect peak latency of the P3 component.

  21. Thank you for your attention

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