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Regulation of Feed Intake

Regulation of Feed Intake. ANS/NUTRS 520 February 28,2012. Neural feedback. Ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus (leptin) Stimulation decreases feed intake Lesions increase feed intake Lateral hypothalamus Stimulation increases feed intake Lesions decrease feed intake. CNS.

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Regulation of Feed Intake

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  1. Regulation of Feed Intake ANS/NUTRS 520 February 28,2012

  2. Neural feedback • Ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus (leptin) • Stimulation decreases feed intake • Lesions increase feed intake • Lateral hypothalamus • Stimulation increases feed intake • Lesions decrease feed intake

  3. CNS http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/pregastric/foodintake.html

  4. Metabolic limits • Satiety signals • Energy balance

  5. Metabolic • Absorbed compounds-or direct result of an absorbed compound • Fermentation products (VFA-mainly acetate, propionate) • Ammonia (urea)

  6. Endocrine • Steroids, FSH, LH, PRL, ST-secondary effects

  7. Hormonal Feedback J Physiol Pharmacol. 2007 Dec;58 Suppl 6:23-52.

  8. Regulatory peptides • 36 AA neural peptide • Secreted from hypothalamus • Increases feed intake • Stimulates fat production • Production may increase due to cold stress or aggressive behavior (Nat Med. 13:7, 2007) • 41 AA peptide produced in hypothalamus • Decreases feed intake

  9. Leptin • Signal of body energy (fat) and senses energy balance • Inhibits neuropeptide Y • In fed state • Correlates with body fat mass • Fasted state (12-48 h) • Rapid drop in leptin expression

  10. Ob/ob mouse

  11. Leptin Feedback Molecular Psychiatry (2005) 10, 132–146

  12. Leptin lactation curve J. Dairy Sci. 86:799-807

  13. CCK • Released from enterocytes to stimulate release of enzymes and bile into duodenum

  14. Ghrelin • Stimulates release of GH from pituitary • Signals energy status

  15. Wertz-Lutz et al., 2006

  16. Leptin and Ghrelin Feedback

  17. VFA Feedback Tahir et al., 2008

  18. VFA Effects on DMI • P metabolism in liver to glucose leads to insulin release • Increased insulin decreases DMI • Dose VFA intravenously-no effect • Infuse VFA into portal vein-decrease meal size

  19. Propionate effects on DMI Oba and Allen, J Nutr 133:1094

  20. Bradford and Allen, 2007 JDS 90:2305

  21. Bradford and Allen, 2007 JDS 90:2305

  22. Additive Effects

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