Unit 1: Inter-professional and Adult Learning

1. Unit 1: Inter-professional and Adult Learning Aim • Explore the concept of inter-professional learning • Provide an overview of adult learning and its application within practice Learning outcomes • Describe the key elements of inter-professional learning • Discuss the benefits and challenges of inter-professional learning • Describe key elements of adult learning theories

2. Group introductions • Reason for attending course • Icebreaker • Experiences of inter-professional learning • Ground rules • Review of aims and learning outcomes

3. Inter-professional EducationCentre for the Advancement of Interprofessional Education(CAIPE) • "Inter-professional education occurs when two or more professions learn with, from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of care" (CAIPE 2002). • CAIPE uses the term "inter-professional education" (IPE) to include all such learning in academic and work based settings before and after qualification, adopting an inclusive view of ‘professional’. www.caipe.org.uk/resources/principles-of-interprofessional-education/

4. Context • Modern healthcare often provided by a variety of disciplines working together • Therefore, at least some our professional development and learning should be experienced together • Potential for inter-professional to improve collaborative working through shared learning • Extreme consequences of situations where professions do not collaborate have been highlighted in recent years

5. Principles of Inter-professional Education (CAIPE) • Values • Respects individuality, difference and diversity within and between professions • Sustains the identity and expertise of each profession • Process • Encourages student participation in planning, progressing and evaluating their learning • Enables the professions to learn with, from and about each other to optimise exchange of experience and expertise • Outcomes • Engenders interprofessional capability • Enhances practice within each profession www.caipe.org.uk/resources/principles-of-interprofessional-education/

6. Group Discussion • What are the benefits of IPL and to whom? • What challenges does IPL bring and for whom? • Thinking about inter-professional learning you have delivered or experienced – why did it go well or badly? • Group consensus of key elements of IPL

7. What is Learning ?http://www.learningandteaching.info/learning/whatlearn.htm • What is taught is not the same as what is learned.

8. We all see things differently

9. We are organised differently

10. We go about doing things differently but usually end up in the same place

11. This is because our brains are ‘wired-up’ in a way which is unique to us and our experiences!

12. Theories of Learning-Humanistic • Focus on adult learning • Value driven • Natural desire to learn • Learners are empowered and have control over the learning process • Teacher relinquishes authority and becomes a facilitator

13. Pedagogy and Andragogy

14. Adult Learners(Brookfield 1986) • Not beginners – in a continuing process of growth • Bring a package of experiences and values – each unique • Come to education with intentions • Bring expectations about the learning process • Have competing interests – the realities of their lives • Have their own set patterns of learning

15. Key Features of Productive Adult Learning ( Rogers 2001) • Conducive climate established • Learning activities relevant to circumstances • Learner’s past experiences used in process • Engagement of learner in design of process • Encourage learner to be self-directed • Educator facilitative rather than didactic • Individual learner’s needs and styles taken into account • “The purpose of adult education is to help them to learn, not to teach them all they know and thus stop them from carrying on learning.”Rogers 2001

16. Andragogy (Knowles 1978) • Adults • need to know why they need to learn • need to learn experientially • approach learning as problem solving • learn best when the topic is of immediate value

17. Andragogy (Knowles 1978) • Instruction for adults needs to focus more on the process and less on the content being taught. • Strategies such as case studies, role playing and self evaluation are useful. • Instructors adopt role of facilitator or resource rather than lecturer

18. Adult Learning-Motivation • Intrinsic motivation • doing something for its own sake • enthusiasm, commitment, desire • Extrinsic motivation • doing something for some other reason in order to gain award or avoid negative consequences • co-operates

19. Types of learning Surface Learning Learning by rote and memorising facts without necessarily putting into perspective and often imposed Deep Learning Understanding meaning, interactive with content, relates to new ideas and builds on previous knowledge and relates to evidence and logic Strategic Learning for exams. Finds out how to answer questions in order to plan how to pass.

20. Levels of motivation (Maslow 1987)http://www.learningandteaching.info/learning/motivation.htm#Levels of Motivation

21. Educational Hierarchy • AUTONOMY Confident in self and able to take control of own learning, job direction, other interests etc. • SELF ESTEEM Comfortable with developed registrar status and copes with uncertainty, has balance between professional and private life etc. • RECOGNITION Copes with criticism, looks for new ideas and experiences, confidence increasing in softer GP topics etc. • CONFIDENCE Increasingly able to work with team, deal with social issues, needs assess and bonds with trainer etc. • SAFETY Asks for help, increasingly competent with basics, benefits from trainer’s help and support • SURVIVAL Getting bearings and learning basics whilst identifying own personality etc.

22. The Process of Transitionhttp://www.businessballs.com/freepdfmaterials/processoftransitionJF2012.pdf

23. Group Discussion • How do these theories relate to you as a learner and to the learning environment? • How do you create a positive learning environment? • What other theories do you like or use? • How are these theories useful and how can we apply them ?