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Serology Introduction Vocabulary

Serology Introduction Vocabulary. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)- the molecules that carry the body’s genetic information. Plasma - the fluid portion of unclotted blood Erythroctye - a red blood cell Serum - the liquid that separates from the blood when a clot is formed.

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Serology Introduction Vocabulary

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  1. Serology IntroductionVocabulary

  2. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)- the molecules that carry the body’s genetic information. • Plasma- the fluid portion of unclotted blood • Erythroctye- a red blood cell • Serum- the liquid that separates from the blood when a clot is formed

  3. Antigen- a substance, usually protein, that stimulates the body to produce antibodies against it. • Antibody- A protein in the blood serum that destroys or inactivates a specific antigen. • Antiserum- blood serum that contains specific antibodies.

  4. Agglutination- the clumping together of red blood cells by the action of an antibody. • Serology- the study of antigen-antibody reaction.

  5. Serology • 1901- Karl Landsteiner announced the discovery of the typing of blood. • First to recognize that all human blood was not the same • Classification system A-B-O system

  6. Blood- refers to a highly complex mixture of cells, enzymes, proteins, and inorganic substances. • Fluid portion= plasma • Composed primarily of water and account for 55% of blood content • RBC(erythrocytes) • WBC • platelets

  7. Antigens impart specific characteristics to the red blood cells • Blood antigens are grouped into systems depending on their relationship to one another • Type A blood- each RBC has A antigens on its surface • Type B blood- have B antigens • Type AB- contain both A and B antigens • Type O- have neither A nor B antigens on their cells • The presence or absence of A and B antigens on the red blood cells determines a person’s blood type in the A-B-O system.

  8. Another important blood antigen • Rh factor (D antigen)- people w/ D antigen are said to be Rh positive; those without are said to be Rh negative. • For EVERY antigen there exists a specific antibody. • Each antibody symbol contains the prefix anti- followed by the name of the antigen for which it is specific • EX: Anti-A is only specific for A antigen; Anti-b for B antigen

  9. Review Questions • Who discovered that blood in distinguishable by its group or type? • What is plasma? What percentage of blood content does plasma account for? • What is the fourth important antigen other than A, B, and O?

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