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Types of Reproduction

Types of Reproduction. Ways offspring enter world. OVIPARITY- Reproductive tract encloses egg in tough protective shell Eggs deposited outside body to hatch EX: Reptiles & birds & mammals (monotremes). Ways offspring enter world. VIVIPARITY- No shell around egg Eggs retained in body

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Types of Reproduction

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  1. Types of Reproduction

  2. Ways offspring enter world OVIPARITY- Reproductive tract encloses egg in tough protective shell Eggs deposited outside body to hatch EX: Reptiles & birds & mammals (monotremes)

  3. Ways offspring enter world VIVIPARITY- No shell around egg Eggs retained in body Nourished by mother through placenta Offspring are born alive Ex: mammals & some reptiles

  4. Ways offspring enter world OVOVIVIPARITY-Eggs laid shortly before hatching or hatch inside femaleNourishment inside mom comes from egg yolk not mother Ex: Some reptiles (snakes)

  5. SHELL NO SHELL SHELL OUTSIDE INSIDE INSIDE EGG EGG MOTHER Birds, Reptiles, Few mammals Mammals, few reptiles Reptiles

  6. Ectothermic • Body heat comes from surrounding environment • Slow metabolism/low activity in cold places • “cold-blooded” • EX: Fish, amphibians, reptiles

  7. ECTOTHERMIC ADVANTAGES: Slow metabolism means you can survive on less food than same size endotherm DISADVANTAGES: Can’t keep up max activity level for long Hard to live in cold places

  8. Endothermic • Create own body heat • FAST metabolism allows for high activity and ability to live in variety of environments • “warm-blooded” • EX: Birds, Mammals

  9. ENDOTHERMIC ADVANTAGES: Able to live in wide range of environments Sustained activity for long periods of time

  10. WHAT’S IN REPTILES? Internal fertilization- increases chances of sperm finding egg Amniotic eggs- can lay eggs on land now; better protection Partial septum- better separation on high/low oxygen blood

  11. WHAT’S IN REPTILES? Other kinds of reproduction- (OVOVIVIPARITY; VIVIPARITY) increases chances for offspring survival Control over Pulmonary circulation can shift blood away from lungs to body when needed Dry, scaly skin better able to live on land

  12. WHAT’S IN REPTILES? Nitrogen waste = uric acid less toxic; conserves water (need less to dilute) Bigger cerebrum- “smarter”; more complex behaviors Sex depends on temperature of eggs-can change sex based on population needs

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