Report of ITU-T Focus Group on ICTs and Climate Change

1. Global Standards Collaboration (GSC) 14 Report of ITU-T Focus Group on ICTs and Climate Change Yoh SOMEMURA The Telecommunication Technology Committee (TTC) as Prime PSO for ICT & Environment

2. Background • UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) foresees further rise in average global temperatures of between 1.4 and 5.8°C by the end of the century. • Climate change concerns us all. Requires efforts by all sectors of society, including information and communication technologies (ICTs) sector. • ICTs contribute only ~2.5% of total greenhouse gases. This will grow as use of ICTs expands globally at faster rate than the general economy. • ICTs: Part of the cause of global warming, but can also be part of the solution, e.g., through promoting carbon displacement technologies.

3. Roles of ITU Determining how to Reduce energy consumed by ICT equipment and services; 2) Evaluate energy savings of various social activities by using ICTs; 3) Measure climate change; 4) Encourage society to reduce energy by using ICTs; and 5) Promote enlightenment of ICT potential. ITU-T Technology Watch Briefing Report “ICT and Climate Change” (Nov. 2007)

4. Establishment of FG-ICT&CC in ITU-T • ITU Kyoto Symposium (April 2008) • Energy saving contributions by using ICT services • Need for an internationally agreed common methodology for measuring environmental impact of ICTs on climate change • Proposal for establishment of a new FG • ITU London Symposium (June 2008) • Proposal for ToR of new FG • New ITU-T FG on ICTs and Climate Change (TSAG, July 2008)

5. Structure and Milestones of FG-ICT&CC A new Focus Group was established in ITU-T in July 2008. • Chair: David Faulkner (BT, UK) Vice Chair: Yoh Somemura (NTT, Japan), Sung-Chul Kang (Korea), Franz Zichy (USA), Nabil Kisrawi (Syria) • Milestones: 1. Definitions (Deliverable: Sep. 2008) • 2. Gap analysis (Deliverable: Dec. 2008) • 3. Methodology (Deliverable: Mar. 2009) • 4. Direct & indirect impact of ITU-T standards • (Deliverable: Dec. 2008) • Note: • - Report on Deliverables to TSAG in Apr. 2009 • - Includes non-ITU members

6. Scope of FG-ICT&CC • Internationally agreed common methodology for measuring the following impacts of ICTs on climate change: • Reduction of ICTs’ own emissions over their entire lifecycles (direct impact) • =>Power reduction methods • Mitigation that follows adoption of ICTs in other relevant sectors (indirect impact) • =>CO2 saving calculation methods

7. Participants of FG face-to-face meeting • 1st meeting: September 1–3, 2008 (ITU-T headquarters, Geneva) • 2nd meeting: November 25–28, 2008 (ITU-T headquarters, Geneva) • 3rd meeting: March 24–27, 2009 (Hiroshima, Japan)

8. Structure of FG-ICT&CC • Three Working Groups • WG-A: Deliverables 1 and 3 (Definitions and Methodology) • WG-B: Deliverable 2 (Gap analysis) • WG-C: Deliverable 3 (Direct and indirect impacts of ITU-T standards) • Management Committee • A group that organizes meetings and events. • Includes: FG Chairman and Vice-chairmen, representatives of TSB, other volunteers with experience of ITU or related activities. • Has fortnightly teleconferences on Wednesdays. FG on ICT&CC, Management Committee WG-A Definitions and Methodology WG-B Gap Analysis WG-C Direct & Indirect Impacts of ITU-T Standards

9. Results of FG-ICT&CC FG produced final reports, including Executive Summary for each Deliverable, in March 2009 as follows: (1) Terms and definitions concerning ICT&CC; (2) Gap analysis of energy-saving measures on the basis of ongoing activities inside and outside ITU-T; (3) Internationally agreed methodology for calculating environmental impact of ICT; (4) Tools and guidelines for energy saving from the use of ICTs.

10. Overhead View of Contribution from Each Country 【Safety】 Ubiquitous sensor (Korea) ICT adaptation (Egypt) 【Possibility of NW】 Energy efficiency of fixed and wireless (Finland) 【Gap analysis regarding ICT& climate change】 Overview of Standards activities in this area (TSB) 【Evaluation tools】 Industry Scorecard (USA) Climate Stabilization Intensity (UK) 【Methodology for evaluation】 Environmental assessment method (Japan, UK) Energy reduction (AIM, Korea) CO2 reduction (UK) LCA (France, Switzerland) 【Evaluation of ICT impact】 Smart 2020 (GeSI) Green IT (Korea)

11. References TTC Japan has contributed to the Deliverables of FG. http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/focusgroups/climate/index.html

12. Del. 1: Definitions Energy consumption reduction through the use of ICTs is defined as the difference between the energy consumption reduction effect by utilizing ICTs and the energy consumption through the use of ICTs. Purpose of Standardizing Calculation Method • ■ To quantitatively calculate the energy reduction through the use of ICTs. • ■ To enable ICT users to quantitatively show their contribution when they use ICTs so that they can include that contribution in their CO2 reduction activities. • ■ To clarify the contribution of the ICT sector in other sectors. This will make it possible to study • (1) specific measures using ICTs to combat global warming, and • (2) the use of ICTs as a CO2 reduction measure in CDM.

13. Basic Concept All Other Sectors All Other Sectors 30 30 by ICTs 20 20 CO2 emissions (Bt-CO2) CO2 emissions (Bt-CO2) Reduction 10 10 of ICTs ICT Sector ICT Sector Year Year CO2 reduction of allother sectors by ICTs Energy consumption reduction through the use of ICTs is defined as follows. Energy consumption reduction Reduction effect of energy consumption by utilizing ICTs Energy consumption through the use of ICTs ＝ -

14. Del. 3: Methodology “The energy consumption reduction effect by utilizing ICTs” and “the energy consumption through the use of ICTs.” ■ The energy consumption reduction effect by utilizing ICTscan be generally calculated as follows if the consumption of goods/services by utilizing ICTs can be identified. Impact of consumption of goods/services on the environment Unit energy consumption when one unit of goods/ services is consumed Energy consumption reduction effect ＝ × ■ The energy consumption through the use of ICTs can be generally calculated as follows if the amount used by the device/network (NW) can be identified. Amount used by device/NW used Unit energy consumption when one unit of device/NW is used Energy consumption ＝ ×

15. Del. 2: Gap analysis The Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC) of Japanrecommend setting environmentally conscious indexes to enable operators to compare energy efficiencies and select products from the twin viewpoints of service provision and emissions reduction. • “Study Group on ICT Policies for Resolving Global Warming Problems” (MIC [2008.4]) Consumption of ICTs In 2012, ICTs will contribute to a reduction of 38 (= 68-30) million tons of CO2 in ICT and broadcasting sectors. 30Mt-CO2 % of CO2 emission 68Mt-CO2 Reduction effect by ICTs

16. Del. 4: Direct & indirect impact The Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC) of Japan has developed a handbook for corporations and organizations that use ICT systems with the aim of providing guidelines and advice for limiting the negative impacts on the environment while enhancing the positive when ICT systems are introduced, operated, and disposed of. • “Study Group on ICT System and Network for Reducing Environmental Impacts” (MIC [2007.3]) • Guideline for enterprises and municipalities for reducing environmental impact by using ICTs • Checklists for • adopting eco-friendly ICT framework • choosing eco-friendly ICT devices • adopting eco-friendly ICT providers • using ICT systems in an eco-friendly way • disposing and recycling of ICT systems in an eco-friendly way

17. Reception Ohtorii (Grand Gate) Miyajima Deer & Cherry Blossom Miyajima: Itsukushima Shrine Honden (Main Sanctuary) & Kairo (Corridor) Atomic Bomb Dome (World Heritage) Miyajima (World Heritage) Miyajima Gojunoto (Five-Storied Pagoda) Japan invited the 3rd meeting to Hiroshima in March 2009. Thank youfor your Attention