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ANTARES Status report

ANTARES Status report. Presentation at ICATPP’07. Oct 8, 2007. Como, Italy. Dmitry Zaborov (ITEP, Moscow, Russia). Experiment overview Status of construction Status of operation Status of physics analyses. on behalf of the ANTARES collaboration. ANTARES shore station.

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ANTARES Status report

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  1. ANTARES Status report Presentation at ICATPP’07. Oct 8, 2007. Como, Italy Dmitry Zaborov (ITEP, Moscow, Russia) Experiment overview Status of construction Status of operation Status of physics analyses on behalf of the ANTARES collaboration

  2. ANTARES shore station 40 km submarine cable 23 Institutes from7 European countries -2475m Collaboration & experiment location D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

  3. Detection principle 3D PMTarray p, a 107  atm  104  atm p m Cherenkov light from m gč  1-100  cosm g 43° Sea floor m interaction Reconstruction of m trajectory(~ n)from timing and position of PMT hits n D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

  4. Horizontal layout Detector layout a storey 12 lines (900 PMTs) 25 storeys / line 3 PMTs/storey 14.5 m 350 m 40 km to shore 100 m Junction box ~70 m Readout cables Sea bed ~ -2500 m D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

  5. A few remarks on detector performance • Sensitivity to μ- and τ- (via τ->μ decay) neutrino using muon tracks • High angular resolution (0.3º at 10 TeV) • Effective area close to 0.1 km2 in TeV range (with 12 Lines) • Sensitivity to all neutrino types using showers • High energy resolution (~25%) • Significant sensitivity in sub-TeV range • search for dark matter (neutralino) • neutrino oscillations • point-like sources • Sky coverage complementary to AMANDA/IceCube • Looking through the Earth • Mostly Southern sky is visible • Field of view follows Earth rotation • Most of our Galaxy within field of view (Galactic center, intermediate-mass black holes, …) D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

  6. Optical Module:10” PMTin17” glass sphere photon detection Local Control Module(in Ti container): Front-end ASIC, Clock, DAQ/SC,compass/roll/pitch Hydrophone: acoustic positioning Basic detection and calibration elements Optical Beaconwith blue LEDs: timing calibration D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

  7. Detector Line deployment D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

  8. Submarine cable connection D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

  9. L5 L1 L3 L2 L10 L12 L7 L8 L6 L4 L11 L9 Current status (Oct. 2007) seismometer N 42°50’ N 6°10’E IL07 5 detector lines operational (since January 29th) 4 lines + instrumentation line are awaiting connection Submarine cable to shore 3 lines to be deployed 100 m Junction box D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

  10. Construction schedule * Source: ANTARES schedule v070910, ANTARES-L, collaboration meetings D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

  11. Instrumentation Line IL07 • New six-storey instrumentation line (MILOM had 3 storeys) • Includes modified MILOM instruments: • 2 ADCPs (Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers), shooting up & down • 2 CT (Conductivity-Temperature) probes with water pump • 2 CSTAR devices with improved sensitivity & horizontal mechanical mounting (measure optical properties of the water) • Sound Velocimeter • Seismometer with direct Ethernet link • Includes several new instruments: • 2 Sensitive cameras + IR flash looking at an Optical Module • O2 probe • Includes 3 acoustic detection storeys equipped with 6 hydrophones each SV O2 D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

  12. In situ calibration with Potassium-40(recently invented) High precision (~5%) monitoring of OM efficiencies MC prediction 13+/-4 Hz Rate of correlated coincidences *no charge calibration used g Coincidence plot g Cherenkov 13.4 Hz e- (b decay) 40K Peak offset Mean ≈ 0 RMS 0.7 ns 40Ca LED Beacon calibration confirmed No dependence on bioluminescent activity has been observed - this confirms the single photon character of bioluminescent emission D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

  13. Data collected with 5 Lines (Oct 1, 2007) * Line 3 is connected since Jan 27, Lines 4 & 5 since Jan 29, 2007 Physics data taking with 5 Lines started the same day D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

  14. An example of muon bundle event height Downgoing muon seen with one Line hit time D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

  15. A neutrino candidate event (5 lines) =35o D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

  16. First results Reconstructed nadir angle (very preliminary) Subset of Line 1-5 data (4.3 M events) Quality cut for upgoing tracks No alignment used Neutrino candidates Atmospheric muons downgoing upgoing D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

  17. Ongoing analyses • Muon flux is being measured (and compared to Monte Carlo calculations): • Using trigger rate • Need precise knowledge of absolute OM efficiency and background-induced trigger rate • Number of reconstructed tracks • Need high level of control over systematic uncertainties of the reconstruction algorithms • (NEW) coincidence correlation analysis • Use correlated coincidences in adjacent detector storeys (typical signature of physics events) • Access to low energy muon flux, depth dependence(!), angular information (fraction of ”vertical” muons) • Smaller dependence on OM efficiencies • Angular distribution is under study • Different reconstruction approaches are being tried D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

  18. Ongoing analyses (continued) • Atmospheric neutrino flux • Relies on thorough understanding of reconstruction efficiency • Neutrino sky mapping & search for point-like sources • Ongoing, see presentation by Fransisco Salesa • Setting limits on diffuse flux • Using showers • GRB neutrino • Analyzing data for 100 GRB alerts • Galactic center trigger • First directional trigger in ANTARES (operating since July) • Dark matter • Neutralino annihilation in the Sun - start looking for • Other sources - relies on point source search • Exotics • Monopoles, nuclearites and more D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

  19. Outlook • Five detector lines are operating in the sea – the largest neutrino detector in the Northern hemisphere. Four more lines + new instrumentation line have been deployed and are awaiting connection. The last three are prepared. • Data taking is ongoing with nearly nominal efficiency. Background conditions are affordable. Data sample is growing by 106 muon triggers every week. • The concept and the design of the experiment are proved. Detector calibration can be performed with the required precision. Upward-going neutrinos can be separated from atmospheric muons. • Physics analysis is advancing. Atmospheric muons and neutrinos are measured. • The experiment is already fully functional and keeps delivering data. Need to finish construction and accumulate more data. D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

  20. Spare slides D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

  21. Sea features vs. detector features D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

  22. Data acquisition, Clock & Trigger • All-data-to-shore DAQ • High bandwidth fiber-optic network (1 GBit /sec/ Line, DWDM) • Designed to withstand heavy bioluminescence • Fiber-optic clock system • Synchronize electronics modules with precise GPS clock on shore • Deliver commands • Onshore trigger • Pure software • Runs on dedicated PC farm • Allows for highly efficient customized triggers • Many triggers can be run in parallel (just need CPU power) • GRB trigger • Start on satellite GRB alert • Save all data within sufficiently long snapshot (cache in memory) • Analyze offline • Directional triggers • Galactic center • Sun • Any other potential source D. Zaborov. ANTARES status report

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