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3/28/2014: How & Why

3/28/2014: How & Why. 1. Review: Linking Verbs A linking verb means EQUALS (=) Kittens = baby cats. Baby cats = kittens. Most common linking verb: “to be” (is/are/am) Some verbs can be either linking verbs or action verbs: to look, to taste, to smell…

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3/28/2014: How & Why

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  1. 3/28/2014: How & Why 1. Review: Linking Verbs A linking verb means EQUALS (=) Kittens = baby cats. Baby cats = kittens. Most common linking verb: “to be” (is/are/am) Some verbs can be either linking verbs or action verbs: to look, to taste, to smell… The fish smells delicious. The fish = delicious. I smell fish! I = fish!

  2. 2. Review: Adjectives (Adj. = describe nouns) Examples: The fish smells delicious. She is sad. • Review: Adverbs of Manner (Adv. of manner = describe action verbs) Examples: I drive quickly. She sings loudly.

  3. 4. Making HOW questions. • How can ask for a description, replacing an adjective or adverb. Adjective: The fish smells delicious. How does the fish smell? She is sad. How is she? how?  how? 

  4. How can ask for a description, replacing an adjective or adverb. Adverb: I drive quickly. How do I drive? She sings loudly. How does she sing? how?  how? 

  5. Types of sentences • simple sentence = 1 Independent Clause (IC) • complex sentence = IC + DC IC DC. -or- DC, IC. • compound* sentence  2 IC’s IC; IC. -or- IC, cc IC.  7 coordinating conjunctions: and, or, for, nor, but, yet, so Laura can sing. She can dance, too. Laura can sing; she can dance too. Laura can sing, and she can dance, too. *compound word: playground, doghouse / compound verb: “Robby sings and dances.” / compound subject: “Robby and Jenny sing.”

  6. 6. Making WHY questions. • Why asks for a reason. • To make WHY questions, you must understand CAUSE & EFFECT. causeeffect The student studies hard.  He earns an A. The bee stings my arm.  My arm hurts. I want a new book.  I buy it.

  7. To make a WHY question, add Why to the EFFECT. Change the effect to a good question. causeeffect The student studies hard.  He earns an A. Q: Why does he earn an A? • SHORT ANSWER: add “because” to the CAUSE. Q: Why does he (the student) earn an A? A: Because he studies hard. (dependent clause) • LONG ANSWER (complex): combine the EFFECT (IC) and the CAUSE (DC with “because…”). A: Because he studies hard, he earns an A. A: He earns an A because he studies hard.

  8. LONG ANSWER (compound): combine the EFFECT (IC) and the CAUSE (IC with cc “for…”). A: He earns an A, for hestudies hard. • LONG ANSWER (compound): combine the CAUSE (IC) and the EFFECT (IC with cc “so…”). A: Hestudies hard, so he earns an A.

  9. The bee stings my arm.  My arm hurts. I want a new book.  I buy it.

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