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FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56)

FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56). Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140). Korean War (1950-3)  Strain on US milit. resources (FC.140). Korean peace talks resume two wks later. Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s.

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FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56)

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  1. FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean War (1950-3) Strain on US milit. resources (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Eisenhower admin. split on how to treat new Sov. govt. NATO admits W. Germany (1954) & lets it rearm (1955) Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising USSR forms Warsaw Pact as a counter-measure (FC 140) Uncertainty about direction of US-Sov. relations Khruschev, now in charge, wants more moderate rule  Withdraws troops fr. Austria (1955) to promote better relations w/US Restores normal relations w/Yugoslavia Denounces Stalin’s harsh rule (1956) to signal more relaxed rule Polish workers feel encouraged to agitate for liberal reforms (1956) Khruschev moves forces toward Warsaw, but then grants Poland more freedom as long as it stays loyal to Warsaw Pact Encourages anti-Commun. reform movement in Hungary Soviet tanks & troops driven from Budapest  More radical anti-Soviet govt. encouraged by US propaganda Suez Crisis diverts US attention from Hungary (FC.146.1) Suez Crisis diverts US attention from Hungary (FC.146.1) Sov. forces crush Hung. rev. w/o US intervention (10/1956) US-Soviet relations deteriorate in late 1950s (FC.143)

  2. AFTERMATH OF STALIN FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Reaction of Soviet people?

  3. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953 Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Govt that took over?

  4. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) (L-R Nikolai Bulganin,Georgi Malenkov, Maxim Z Saburov and Premier of Russia Nikita S. Khrushchev during a garden party at the Indian Embassy

  5. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) (L-R Nikolai Bulganin,Georgi Malenkov, Maxim Z Saburov and Premier of Russia Nikita S. Khrushchev during a garden party at the Indian Embassy

  6. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) (L-R Nikolai Bulganin,Georgi Malenkov, Maxim Z Saburov and Premier of Russia Nikita S. Khrushchev during a garden party at the Indian Embassy

  7. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) (L-R Nikolai Bulganin,Georgi Malenkov, Maxim Z Saburov and Premier of Russia Nikita S. Khrushchev during a garden party at the Indian Embassy

  8. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) (L-R Nikolai Bulganin,Georgi Malenkov, Maxim Z Saburov and Premier of Russia Nikita S. Khrushchev during a garden party at the Indian Embassy

  9. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) (L-R Nikolai Bulganin,Georgi Malenkov, Maxim Z Saburov and Premier of Russia Nikita S. Khrushchev during a garden party at the Indian Embassy

  10. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) (L-R Nikolai Bulganin,Georgi Malenkov, Maxim Z Saburov and Premier of Russia Nikita S. Khrushchev during a garden party at the Indian Embassy

  11. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) (L-R Nikolai Bulganin,Georgi Malenkov, Maxim Z Saburov and Premier of Russia Nikita S. Khrushchev during a garden party at the Indian Embassy

  12. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. Korea? FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later (L-R Nikolai Bulganin,Georgi Malenkov, Maxim Z Saburov and Premier of Russia Nikita S. Khrushchev during a garden party at the Indian Embassy

  13. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later (L-R Nikolai Bulganin,Georgi Malenkov, Maxim Z Saburov and Premier of Russia Nikita S. Khrushchev during a garden party at the Indian Embassy

  14. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Sign truce in July, 1953 How did Comm. Leaders in E. Europe feel about Stalin’s death?

  15. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. • E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Sign truce in July, 1953

  16. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. • E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Sign truce in July, 1953

  17. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. • E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach Ulbricht’s policy? FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Sign truce in July, 1953

  18. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. • E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Reaction by E. Germans? Sign truce in July, 1953

  19. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. • E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953

  20. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. • E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953

  21. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. • E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953

  22. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. • E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse Who acted & how? FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising

  23. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. • E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising

  24. AFTERMATH OF STALIN • Huge crowds of mourners •  Some crushed •  Who will save Russia now? •  Progressive Georgi Malenkov • apparent leader of Collect. Gov. •  Rule that no one man should • hold all top offices • Malenkov (b.1902) a top official • for Stalin, leading purges •  Put in charge w/Beria to rebld • post war SU •  Styled himself a technocrat •  Despite backgrd, West saw him • as best hope for better rel’s •  Not tough enough to stay on top • Amnesty for all arrested last 5 yrs. • E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising

  25. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising

  26. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising Whom did Moscow blame?

  27. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia •  Kremlin saw US behind this FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising What shocked Polish leaders?

  28. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia •  Kremlin saw US behind this •  Polish leaders shocked that • workers were behind strikes FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising

  29. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia •  Kremlin saw US behind this •  Polish leaders shocked that • workers were behind strikes •  Fiercer power struggle FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising

  30. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia •  Kremlin saw US behind this •  Polish leaders shocked that • workers were behind strikes •  Fiercer power struggle •  Beria saw opport. to take over FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s What happened? Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising

  31. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia •  Kremlin saw US behind this •  Polish leaders shocked that • workers were behind strikes •  Fiercer power struggle •  Beria saw opport. to take over •  Denounced as W agent •  Convicted & shot, the only • Sov. leader to die like that FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising

  32. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia •  Kremlin saw US behind this •  Polish leaders shocked that • workers were behind strikes •  Fiercer power struggle •  Beria saw opport. to take over •  Denounced as W agent •  Convicted & shot, the only • Sov. leader to die like that •  "Times had Changed" FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising

  33. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia •  Kremlin saw US behind this •  Polish leaders shocked that • workers were behind strikes •  Fiercer power struggle •  Beria saw opport. to take over •  Denounced as W agent •  Convicted & shot, the only • Sov. leader to die like that •  "Times had Changed" • INITIAL US REACTION FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising

  34. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia •  Kremlin saw US behind this •  Polish leaders shocked that • workers were behind strikes •  Fiercer power struggle •  Beria saw opport. to take over •  Denounced as W agent •  Convicted & shot, the only • Sov. leader to die like that •  "Times had Changed" • INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising

  35. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia •  Kremlin saw US behind this •  Polish leaders shocked that • workers were behind strikes •  Fiercer power struggle •  Beria saw opport. to take over •  Denounced as W agent •  Convicted & shot, the only • Sov. leader to die like that •  "Times had Changed" • INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising

  36. E. GERMANY • Stalin's death-> Mini-Stalins, like • Ulbricht in E. Ger. nervous • - Leaders in SU toyed w/idea of • reunified but neutral Ger. •  Summon Ulbricht to Moscow • to encourage more lib approach •  Instead he imposed new work • quotas w/o pay increases •  Huge demo (6/16) •  Labor protest became polit. • vs state owned fact's •  Demos spread- •  Gov. near collapse •  Beria brought in tanks •  Killed 40, wounded 400, • arrested 1000's •  Strikes collapsed •  Ulbricht eventually eased up •  Riot & strikes in Czech, Hung, • Romania, & even Siberia •  Kremlin saw US behind this •  Polish leaders shocked that • workers were behind strikes •  Fiercer power struggle •  Beria saw opport. to take over •  Denounced as W agent •  Convicted & shot, the only • Sov. leader to die like that •  "Times had Changed" • INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; • -Sec of St. Dulles & NSC less nice •  Talks of "rolling back" Comm. FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising

  37. INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; • -Sec of St. Dulles & NSC less nice •  Talks of "rolling back" Comm. •  Mixed signals to Moscow FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Eisenhower admin. split on how to treat new Sov. govt. Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising

  38. INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; • -Sec of St. Dulles & NSC less nice •  Talks of "rolling back" Comm. •  Mixed signals to Moscow FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean War (1950-3) Strain on US milit. resources (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Eisenhower admin. split on how to treat new Sov. govt. NATO admits W. Germany (1954) & lets it rearm (1955) Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising USSR forms Warsaw Pact as a counter-measure (FC 140) What did West do to ease strain on manpower?

  39. INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; • -Sec of St. Dulles & NSC less nice •  Talks of "rolling back" Comm. •  Mixed signals to Moscow FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean War (1950-3) Strain on US milit. resources (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Eisenhower admin. split on how to treat new Sov. govt. NATO admits W. Germany (1954) & lets it rearm (1955) Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising USSR forms Warsaw Pact as a counter-measure (FC 140) Soviet reaction?

  40. US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; • -Sec of St. Dulles & NSC less nice •  Talks of "rolling back" Comm. •  Mixed signals to Moscow FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean War (1950-3) Strain on US milit. resources (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Eisenhower admin. split on how to treat new Sov. govt. NATO admits W. Germany (1954) & lets it rearm (1955) Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising USSR forms Warsaw Pact as a counter-measure (FC 140)

  41. INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; • -Sec of St. Dulles & NSC less nice •  Talks of "rolling back" Comm. •  Mixed signals to Moscow FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean War (1950-3) Strain on US milit. resources (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Eisenhower admin. split on how to treat new Sov. govt. NATO admits W. Germany (1954) & lets it rearm (1955) Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising USSR forms Warsaw Pact as a counter-measure (FC 140) Uncertainty about direction of US-Sov. relations

  42. INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; • -Sec of St. Dulles & NSC less nice •  Talks of "rolling back" Comm. •  Mixed signals to Moscow New leader to emerge? FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean War (1950-3) Strain on US milit. resources (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Eisenhower admin. split on how to treat new Sov. govt. NATO admits W. Germany (1954) & lets it rearm (1955) Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising USSR forms Warsaw Pact as a counter-measure (FC 140) Uncertainty about direction of US-Sov. relations

  43. INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; • -Sec of St. Dulles & NSC less nice •  Talks of "rolling back" Comm. •  Mixed signals to Moscow • NIKITA KHRUSCHEV (1884-1971) FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean War (1950-3) Strain on US milit. resources (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Eisenhower admin. split on how to treat new Sov. govt. NATO admits W. Germany (1954) & lets it rearm (1955) Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising USSR forms Warsaw Pact as a counter-measure (FC 140) Uncertainty about direction of US-Sov. relations Khruschev, now in charge, wants more moderate rule  Withdraws troops fr. Austria (1955) to promote better relations w/US Restores normal relations w/Yugoslavia Denounces Stalin’s harsh rule (1956) to signal more relaxed rule

  44. INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; • -Sec of St. Dulles & NSC less nice •  Talks of "rolling back" Comm. •  Mixed signals to Moscow • NIKITA KHRUSCHEV (1884-1971 • Poor illit. parents-> Crude side • that often masked his cunning •  Often not taken seriously FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean War (1950-3) Strain on US milit. resources (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Eisenhower admin. split on how to treat new Sov. govt. NATO admits W. Germany (1954) & lets it rearm (1955) Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising USSR forms Warsaw Pact as a counter-measure (FC 140) Uncertainty about direction of US-Sov. relations Khruschev, now in charge, wants more moderate rule  Withdraws troops fr. Austria (1955) to promote better relations w/US Restores normal relations w/Yugoslavia Denounces Stalin’s harsh rule (1956) to signal more relaxed rule

  45. INITIAL US REACTION • Ike had just taken over-> no • contingency plan for Stalin's death •  Hinted peaceful approach; • -Sec of St. Dulles & NSC less nice •  Talks of "rolling back" Comm. •  Mixed signals to Moscow • NIKITA KHRUSCHEV (1884-1971 • Poor illit. parents-> Crude side • that often masked his cunning •  Often not taken seriously • Joined Rev (1917)-> Commissar •  Studied @ Stalin Ind. Acad. •  Rose to #2 in Mosc. party org & • oversaw bldg Moscow Metro •  Joined Politburo (1938) •  Involved in purges & exterm. of • Ukrainian intellectuals. FC.141 THE AFTERMATH OF STALIN’S DEATH (1953-56) Stalin’s death in March, 1953  Moderate coalition takes over in Kremlin (FC.140) Korean War (1950-3) Strain on US milit. resources (FC.140) Korean peace talks resume two wks later Worker riots in E. Ger. nearly over-throw Com’s Beria, Stalin’s old right hand man, is executed Eisenhower admin. split on how to treat new Sov. govt. NATO admits W. Germany (1954) & lets it rearm (1955) Sign truce in July, 1953 Sov. army crushes uprising USSR forms Warsaw Pact as a counter-measure (FC 140) Uncertainty about direction of US-Sov. relations Khruschev, now in charge, wants more moderate rule  Withdraws troops fr. Austria (1955) to promote better relations w/US Restores normal relations w/Yugoslavia Denounces Stalin’s harsh rule (1956) to signal more relaxed rule

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