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Human Computer Interaction CSC 4730-100 User System Interface CSC 8570-001

This meeting of the Human-Computer Interaction class on September 4, 2012, delves into key topics including trackpad interaction techniques, research project guidelines, and design principles extracted from the Lee & Zhai study on touch screens. Students are tasked with developing independent and dependent variables related to their hypotheses, and reviewing action descriptions for effective trackpad use. The session also encompasses discussions on good and bad interface designs, with a focus on summarizing literature and preparing for presentations on experimental methodologies.

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Human Computer Interaction CSC 4730-100 User System Interface CSC 8570-001

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  1. Human Computer InteractionCSC 4730-100User System InterfaceCSC 8570-001 Class Meeting 4 September 18, 2012

  2. Topics of the Day • From last time • Where is Gregor? • Track pad interactions • Research project issues • Bibliography • IRB form • Theory and models • Good and bad interfaces • Lee & Zhai. Extracting design principles • Cataloging design principles

  3. Where is Gregor? One thousandth of a minute = 6 x one hundredth of a second Diameter of earth = 7926 miles, approximately Claim: Assuming the earth is a perfect sphere, the arc of a circle with central angle of 1/100 second is 1.0+ feet long. (latitude) Claim: At 40 degrees north, the arc of longitudinal circle with central angle of 1/100 second is 0.77+ feet long.

  4. Track Pad Interactions Cleaning up action descriptions • Tap to click • Secondary click • Look up • Three finger drag • Scroll direction: natural • Zoom in or out • Smart zoom • Rotate • Swipe between pages

  5. Track Pad Interactions (2) • Swipe between full-screen apps • Mission control • App exposé • Launchpad • Show desktop • Pinch to home screen • Swipe up to multitasking • Swipe left or right between apps • Reveal multitasking bar • Between apps

  6. Track Pad Interactions (3) Cleaning up gesture descriptions • Tap with one finger • Click or tap with two fingers • Click bottom left • Click bottom right • Double-tap with three fingers • Move with three fingers • Content tracks finger movement • Pinch with two fingers

  7. Track Pad Interactions (4) • Double-tap with two fingers • Rotate with two fingers • Scroll left with two fingers • Scroll right with two fingers • Swipe with three fingers • Swipe with two or three fingers • Swipe left with three fingers • Swipe right with three fingers

  8. Track Pad Interactions (6) • Swipe left with four fingers • Swipe right with four fingers • Swipe up with three fingers • Swipe up with four fingers • Swipe down with three fingers • Swipe down with four fingers • Pinch with thumb and three fingers • Spread with thumb and three fingers

  9. Track Pad Interactions (7) • Pinch with four or five fingers • Swipe up with four or five fingers • Swipe left with four or five fingers • Swipe right with four or five fingers

  10. Hand In • Everyone:GOMS model of table creation • Each research team: • Hypotheses, independent and dependent variables • First draft of IRB form • Printout from EndNote of research bibliography

  11. Research Project • Hypotheses (tonight) • Independent variables (tonight) • Dependent variables (tonight) • Bibliography • First entries (tonight) • Continuous process • Background • Formal setting (let’s talk)

  12. Research Project (2) For next week, from each team: • Short presentation • One spokesperson • Five minutes • Hypothesis, variables, initial experimental design • A few slides to guide the listeners

  13. Paper Reading Teams • Kristin & Jim B • John & Andrew D • Anthony & Kevin • Chris & Shishir • Mike & Andrew L • Donald & Jim N • Tyler & Ken

  14. Research Project Example Lee & Zhai, The Performance of Touch Screen Soft Buttons • Team 1: Introduction • What are potential research questions? • Team 2: Related Work • What is known about interacting with soft buttons? • Team 3: Basic Issues • What dimensions (?) of touch screens are important?

  15. Example (2) • Team 4: Methodology • What did the subjects do for Experiment 1? Why this design? • Team 5: Hard button results, Experiment 1 • How are the data summarized and analyzed? • Team 6: Soft button results, Experiment 1 • How are the data summarized and analyzed? • Team 7: Summary & Conclusions, Experiment 1 • What device is best?

  16. Lessons from Lee & Zhai • Subjects: 13 total – 9 men, 4 women • Overall design: practice, test, questionnaire/interview • Experiment structure: • Block • Trial

  17. Experimental Design • Within subjects • vs. Across subjects • Randomized order of conditions • Generating random numbers • Balanced Latin square design • Think Sudoku

  18. Experiment 1 • Conditions (10): button type + feedback type • Entry set (5): 1450 X 9276 = ; 8327 – 7231 = ; etc. • Order of entry set randomized • Block (3): Instances of ordered entry set • How many entry set arrangements are possible? • One subject generates 3 x 5 x 10 sets of data • Time, # of corrections

  19. Hard Buttons

  20. Inferring Design Principles • Augment soft buttons with synthetic feedback • Make soft buttons at least 10 mm wide • Provide automatic error correction for text entry using small buttons

  21. Interface Survey • Good interfaces of the week • Bad interfaces of the week

  22. Good Interfaces • Who says? • On what basis? • Why were your choices (of helpful interfaces) good? • What were the design principles that promoted “goodness”?

  23. Bad Interfaces • Same questions as for “good” • Who says? • On what basis? • What design principles were violated?

  24. Good and Bad • Generative User Engineering Principles (GUEPs) • Cognitive Dimensions (CDs) • of notation • of representation in an interface • of understanding NB. In this context a “dimension” is a factor (distinct from others factors)

  25. Next Time • Read Edge and Blackwell, Cognitive Dimensions Tradeoffs in Tangible User Interface Design • You find this paper by going towww.cl.cam.ac.uk/~afb21/CognitiveDimensions • Then choosing the link for the 10th Anniversary Workshop on CDs research • Create a concept map relating the ideas of the paper to one another • Use the concept map software • Make sure you include at least 12 concepts and maybe many more • Consult the papers by Thomas Green for more information • Research project presentation

  26. Research Team Meetings

  27. Modeling Actions • Task analysis: temporal (time) issues • GOMS analysis: method (how to) issues • Keystroke level analysis: operator (widget) issues

  28. Theory Collection Visual processing • Three-stage visual system • Preattentive processing theory (Triesman & Gormican) • Structured object perception theory (Biederman) • Scientific color theory (CIE)

  29. Theory Collection (2) Motor Behavior Models • Hick-Hyman Law: choice time • Keystroke-Level Model: error-free task completion time • Three-state model of graphical input (Buxton) • Fitts’ Law: human movement • Guiard’s Model of Bimanual Skill

  30. Theory Collection (3) Models of Computation • Finite state machine • Grammar in Backus-Naur form (BNF)

  31. Theory Collection (3) Task analysis • Describes the process the user chooses to reach a goal in a specific domain • Hierarchical model using ConcurTaskTrees Design principles • GUEPs • Cognitive Dimensions • Mental models

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