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Understanding the Structure and Function of the Eye and Ear in Biology Lab 2121

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This lab manual provides a comprehensive overview of the anatomy of the eye and ear, essential for understanding special senses in biology. It details the layers of the eyeball, including the fibrous (sclera and cornea), vascular (uvea with the choroid, ciliary body, and iris), and inner layers (retina with its photoreceptor cells, rods, and cones). Additionally, it explores the sections of the ear: outer (pinna), middle (ossicles), and inner ear (cochlea), alongside their functions. Key terms include visual acuity, sound perception, and fluid dynamics.

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Understanding the Structure and Function of the Eye and Ear in Biology Lab 2121

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Special Senses Biology 2121 Lab

  2. The Eye - Structure • Layers of the Wall of the Eyeball • 1. Fibrous • 2. Vascular • 3. Inner Layer (Retina)

  3. Layers of the Eyball • 1. Fibrous Layer • Sclera ------ Cornea • 2. Vascular Layer • “Uvea” • Posterior: Choroid • Ciliary Body • Anterior: Iris

  4. Layers of the Eyeball • 3. Retina • Outer: Pigmented Layer • Inner: Neural Layer • 4. Inner Layer • Photoreceptor Cells • Rods and Cones

  5. Retinal Layer • Macula Lutea and Fovea Centralis • Cones • Sharp Vision

  6. Internal Chambers – Fluids • Aqueous Humor • Anterior Eye • Clear Fluid; Ciliary process produces • Constantly drained • Vitreous Humor • Embryonic Development

  7. Lens • Biconvex • Transparent • Avascular

  8. Outer Structure • Superior Rectus Muscle • Attaches to Frontal bone • Indicates medial • Extrinsic Eye Muscles • Insert into the Sclera

  9. Sheep’s Eyeball

  10. The Ear • Sections of the Ear • 1. Outer Ear • 2. Middle Ear • 3. Inner Ear • Cranial Nerve VIII • Vestibulocochlear Nerve

  11. Parts of the Ear

  12. Outer Ear • Pinna (Auricle) • 2. Helix and Lobule • 3. Ends where the tympanic membrane begins Helix

  13. Middle Ear – Ossicles • Malleus – hammer • Incus – anvil • Stapes - stirrup

  14. Inner Ear • Semi-circular canals • Vestibule • Saccule • Utricle • Cochlea • Cochlear Duct • Organ of Corti

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