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Galaxies Can Be Weird …just like Michael

Galaxies Can Be Weird …just like Michael. Hubble Deep Field - 2004. Thumb nail of the sky. HDF – Close Up. Approximately100 Billion Galaxies !!! Northern Hemisphere can see Andromeda – 200 million ly away

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Galaxies Can Be Weird …just like Michael

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  1. Galaxies Can Be Weird…just like Michael

  2. Hubble Deep Field - 2004 • Thumb nail of the sky.

  3. HDF – Close Up

  4. Approximately100 Billion Galaxies !!! • Northern Hemisphere can see Andromeda – 200 million ly away • Southern Hemisphere can see the large and small Magellanic clouds. – approx. 180 kly away

  5. The Milky Way Barred Spiral Galaxy

  6. Milky Way Facts • Rotational Speed of roughly 780,000 km/h • We are midway between the Orion and Perseus arms about 26 kly from the center. • The sun rotates once every 230 million years. Near the core only decades to rotate. • Center of the galaxy is Sagittarius A, a 3 million solar mass black hole • 300 + billion stars • 100,000 light years in diameter.

  7. Milky Way Structure

  8. More about structure • O-B associations – open clusters (young hot stars=population 1) define the arms. • Globular Clusters (100’s of thousands of older stars=population 2) inhabit the halo • Galactic center = Population 2 stars and a giant super massive black hole (several million stars) • 350 ly from center is the Great Annihilator. • Why does it “stick” together? Dark Matter Halo?

  9. Problems • Is the Milky Way the universe or not? • Viewing problems • Hubble tackles the problem using luminosities • Looking back in time at quasars

  10. Classifying Galaxies

  11. Elliptical GalaxyHot and early star formation = 60%older stars and very little formation

  12. Spiral GalaxySombrero Galaxy NGC 4594Long and slower sustained star formation = 25-30%

  13. Irregular GalaxyGalaxies that are gravitationally deforming each other.

  14. Active Galaxies • Radio, Quasars, Seyferts Image Courtesy of http://www.linnaeus.uu.se/online/phy/macrocosmos/agn.html

  15. Clusters • Poor Clusters – 10’s of galaxies or so • Rich Clusters – 1000’s of galaxies! • Super Clusters! – 10’s of clusters.

  16. Local Group • 10 million light years across • Major players: Milky Way, Triangulum, and Andromeda • Magellanic clouds are nearby • Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical being torn apart • Merger is our probably destiny. • Andromeda and Milky Way are locked and closing at 1 million k/h. They will meet in 4 billion years

  17. Virgo Super Cluster

  18. The Universal Distribution

  19. What could be out there?

  20. Your Mission… • Create a graphic analogy that compares galactic structures to people. (3/4/5) • Create an layered image displaying a galactic center, O-B associations, dark matter, molecular clouds (HII), and density waves. (4/5) • How are active galaxies like being at a night club? (3/4) • Create a marching band routine route to show Charger fans all the different types of galaxies. (3/4/5) • Create a “kid accessible” visual guide to the galaxies. (4/5)

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