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Understanding Cartography: The Art and Science of Map Making

Explore the fundamentals of cartography, the art and science of creating maps. Learn about the Earth's oblate spheroid shape, site and situation, and the importance of latitude, longitude, and GPS. Delve into various types of maps such as choropleth, dot, graduated circle, cartograms, and topographic maps. Understand map projections including Mercator, Azimuthal equidistant, and Peters, and discover key elements in maps like title, legend, scale, and projections. Gain insight into data categorization techniques, including quartile and equal interval methods.

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Understanding Cartography: The Art and Science of Map Making

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  1. Where we are going… • 1. Shape of the earth… oblate spheroid • 2. Site and situation • 3. Latitude and longitude, GPS • 4. Maps

  2. Empty Pac

  3. Site and situation • Site = physical attributes of a place • Situation = relative location of a place relative to other places and human activities

  4. Maps are…. • All maps are reductions, simplifications and abstractions of the real world.

  5. Maps • Virtual and real

  6. Cartography is…. • The art, science, and technology of making maps.

  7. Maps (usually) have certain elements • Title • Legend • Scale • Border • Scale • Insets

  8. Projections

  9. Projections • Mercator – conformal • Azimuthal equidistant - (directions and distance from center point) • Peters – equal area

  10. Types of Maps • This is different from projections!! • These are styles of maps. • 5 main types… - Choropleth - dot - graduated circle - cartograms - topographic - isoline

  11. 776.5 756.5 753.5 732 713.5 708 706 705 698.5 693.5 693.4 690 689 689 686.5 681.5 680 680 679 677 Categorizing data

  12. 776.5 756.5 753.5 732 713.5 708 706 705 698.5 693.5 693.4 690 689 689 686.5 681.5 680 680 679 677 Categorizing data

  13. 776.5 756.5 753.5 732 713.5 708 706 705 698.5 693.5 693.4 690 689 689 686.5 681.5 680 680 679 677 Categorizing dataquartile - 4 classes

  14. 776.5 756.5 753.5 732 713.5 708 706 705 698.5 693.5 693.4 690 689 689 686.5 681.5 680 680 679 677 Categorizing data equal interval – 25 each class

  15. 776.5 756.5 753.5 732 713.5 708 706 705 698.5 693.5 693.4 690 689 689 686.5 681.5 680 680 679 677 Categorizing dataequal interval – 25 each class

  16. 776.5 756.5 753.5 732 713.5 708 706 705 698.5 693.5 693.4 690 689 689 686.5 681.5 680 680 679 677 Categorizing datanatural breaks

  17. Dot map

  18. Graduated Circle

  19. Graduated Circle

  20. Cartogram

  21. Topographic

  22. Topographic maps • Contours (and types) p. 122 fig 8.4 • Contour interval

  23. Topographic maps • Contours (and types) p. 122 fig 8.4 • Contour interval • Layer tints

  24. Topographic maps • Contours (and types) p. 122 fig 8.4 • Contour interval • Layer tints • Figuring out slopes and shapes (p. 131 and 132)

  25. Topographic maps • Contours (and types) p. 122 fig 8.4 • Contour interval • Layer tints • Figuring out slopes and shapes (p. 131 and 132) • Linear interpolation

  26. Topographic maps • Contours (and types) p. 122 fig 8.4 • Contour interval • Layer tints • Figuring out slopes and shapes (p. 131 and 132) • Linear interpolation • Slope measurements

  27. Other Isoline Maps

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