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This case study of Easter Island, a small volcanic island that once supported a thriving society of 15,000-30,000 people, explores the factors that led to its societal collapse by the 17th century. Key reasons include overpopulation, deforestation, soil erosion, and geographic isolation, resulting in only 2,000 inhabitants struggling in a degraded environment. Drawing parallels to Earth, the study highlights the urgent need for sustainable practices amidst population growth and limited resources. It serves as a crucial reminder of the importance of managing our resources wisely for future generations.
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Case History: Easter Island • A small volcanic island with a subtropical climate • By the 16th century, a thriving society with 15,000–30,000 people • Europeans reached there in 17th century, only 2000 people struggling in a degraded environment • Reasons for collapsed society: overpopulated, deforestation, soil erosion, loss of agricultural base, further conflicts and wars, geographic isolation, and geologic limitations
Looking Ahead: Earth • Earth: geospatially isolated in the universe • Population explosion: exponential growth • Facing limited resources: energy, soil, fresh water, forests, ocean fisheries, rangelands • Global environment: conflicts and integrated resolutions • Lessons from Easter Island: aware of limited resources and needs for sustainable global economy
Figure 1.6 Mining Scars On Earth’s Surface
Figure 1.7b Open Pit Mine, NM
Figure 1.Ba The rush for Copper riches In Tennessee 1850s
Figure 1.Bb Man-Made Desert
Figure 1.Bc After decades recovery Is incomplete – revegetation Began in 1930s
Figure 1.C Ontario, CanadaPollution from stacks Caused large kill of trees and vegetation
Figure 1.7a Clear-cutting of forests
