1 / 20

The Rise and Fall of the Inca Empire: Geography, Society, and Conquest

The Inca Empire, located in South America, thrived from the Andes Mountains to present-day Peru in the mid-1400s under Emperor Pachacuti. Known for its strong central government, the Incas controlled an extensive territory, housing about 12 million people. Their economy, devoid of merchants or markets, was based on a labor tax system called mita, while society was distinctly divided into upper and lower classes. The empire's achievements included advanced masonry, extensive road networks, and unique textile artistry. However, internal civil strife and the conquest by Francisco Pizarro in the 1530s led to its downfall.

leo-gentry
Télécharger la présentation

The Rise and Fall of the Inca Empire: Geography, Society, and Conquest

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Incas 16.3 Chapter 16 Section 3

  2. Geography • Located in South America • Began in the Andes Mountains • Capital is located in present-day Peru • Deserts, snowy mountains, fertile valleys, lush forests

  3. Create an Empire • Mid 1400’s- Emperor Pachacuti [pah-chah-KOO-tee] began to expand territory • Early 1500’s-empire was huge • From Ecuador to central Chile • About 12 million people lived in empire

  4. Strong Central Government • Conquered landruledby trusted governmentofficials • Kids sent to capital to learn Inca way • Returned later • Quechua [KE-chuh-wuh] officialIncalanguage • All business spoken in this language • Still spoken today

  5. Economy • Governmentstrictly controlled economy • People worked for government and themselves • Mita [MEE-tah]- labor tax • No merchants or markets • Government distributed goods • Leftovers stored for later

  6. Social Divisions • Upper Class • Emperor, priests, government officials • Didn’t pay labor tax, best clothes, lived in stone houses • Could relax in Machu Picchu

  7. Lower Class • Farmers, artisans, servants • Maize, peanuts, potatoes, and llamas • NO slaves • Lived simply • Law stated couldn’t own more than needed to survive

  8. Religion • Rulers related to sun god; could never die • Sacrifices • Rarely human • Llamas, cloth, or food • Outside capital people worshipped other gods • Certain items had magical powers

  9. Achievements • Grand builders • Masonry [stonework] • Network of roads • 2 major highways • Artisans • Pottery, gold and silver jewerly, textiles • NO WRITTEN LANGUAGE • Quipas [ KEE-pooz] knotted cord system • Official “memorizers”

  10. Pizarro Conquers the Incas • 1520’s- civil war broke out after emperor died • Atahualpa [ah-tah-WAHL-pah] new leader • Francisco Pizarro • 1532 met new ruler, surprise attack • 180 vs. 1,000’s • Captured emperor

  11. Ruler for price • More than 24 tons of gold and silver • Worth millions of $ today • Still killed ruler; feared retribution • 1537- Pizarro defeated Incas • Spain took control of empire for next 300 years

More Related