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Brussels, 27/11/2013 l Kiewiet, Jacques l Air Liquide Industrie B.V.

Air Liquide’s CCS initiatives at Rotterdam - Green Hydrogen (NER 300) - CO2 Hub with JV partners. Brussels, 27/11/2013 l Kiewiet, Jacques l Air Liquide Industrie B.V. Air Liquide’s NER300 proposal consisted of Green Hydrogen in Rotterdam

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Brussels, 27/11/2013 l Kiewiet, Jacques l Air Liquide Industrie B.V.

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  1. Air Liquide’s CCS initiatives at Rotterdam- Green Hydrogen (NER 300) - CO2 Hub with JV partners Brussels, 27/11/2013 l Kiewiet, Jacques l Air Liquide Industrie B.V.

  2. Air Liquide’s NER300 proposal consisted of Green Hydrogen in Rotterdam At a later stage, Air Liquide could consider deployment at its Antwerp facility Green Hydrogen opportunities in the Benelux • Antwerpen: • up to 550 kt/y • Rotterdam: • up to 500 kt/y 2

  3. – r – 1 r 1 Air Liquide’s Green Hydrogen Project R’dam with ROAD (EEPR + Dutch support): R’dam with ROAD + Green Hydrogen (NER300 + Dutch support):

  4. Air Liquide’s evaluation of NER300 Facts: • Air Liquide spent 4 years developing a viable and solid CCS proposal • Dutch subsidy secured (meanwhile withdrawn); final conditions under negotiation • Major condition precedent: NER300 funding What went wrong? • AL was unable to produce the Final Confirmation letter, because the project economics as calculated under NER300 program were not matching Air Liquide’s own economics • Full clarification of this misalignment was (due to NER300 competition + confidentiality reasons) only possible after the Final Award selection  The Green Hydrogen project was not awarded with NER300 and stopped

  5. Main difficulties in developing CCS in Europe • RES has an Investment hurdle; Industrial CCS also has an operational hurdle (Operation cost > ETS)  Is a Performance grant the right tool? • Transport & Storage synergy is essential for developing CCS, though: • Support programs only focus on ‘point-to-point’ solutions • Support schemes are managed by different DG’s + MS • Transport & Storage is not core for emitters  How to develop (essential) synergies between CCS projects (clusters)? • London Protocol: cross border CO2 Transport & Storage (e.g. EOR case) • ETS + CCS Directives are linked via an ETS opt-in of a CO2 storage site • “Usual” liabilities for emitters • “Usual” liabilities for E&P operators • New and unacceptable liabilities during injection and xx yrs after closure

  6. End of presentation Thank you for your attention

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