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EMSAs og EUs påvirkning av norsk sjøsikkerhets-regulering

EMSAs og EUs påvirkning av norsk sjøsikkerhets-regulering. Henrik Ringbom, Head of Sector, Environment protection, liability and compensation. Innehåll. Om Norge och EU Om internationell reglering av sjöfarten EUs sjösäkerhetslagstiftning EMSAs roll Sammanfattning. Ett norskt perspektiv.

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EMSAs og EUs påvirkning av norsk sjøsikkerhets-regulering

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  1. EMSAs og EUs påvirkning av norsk sjøsikkerhets-regulering Henrik Ringbom, Head of Sector, Environment protection, liability and compensation

  2. Innehåll • Om Norge och EU • Om internationell reglering av sjöfarten • EUs sjösäkerhetslagstiftning • EMSAs roll • Sammanfattning

  3. Ett norskt perspektiv • Regleringsnivå • EU påverkar Norge • Norge påverkar EU • Specialarrangemang inom sjöfarten (KOM) (COSS, EMSA styrelse) • EP, Ministerrådet: nej • Policynivå • Koordinering etc. från fall till fall (N vanligen med) • EMSA möten inkluderar Norge • Generellt: N måste berättiga sin plats  arbetsdrygt • Hittills: påverkan klart högre än formell status

  4. Internationell reglering av sjöfarten Tradition av internationell/global reglering • global näring • praktiska hänsyn • konkurrenshänsyn IMOs exklusiva roll har stöd i UNCLOS • flaggstatsjurisdiktion • kuststater har begränsad lagstiftnings- och verkställighetsjurisdiktion • hamnstatsbegreppet

  5. Allmänt om EUs sjösäkerhetslagstiftning • En sjösäkerhetspolicy sedan 1993 • Nu omkring 40 direktiv och förordningar • Hamnstatskontroll • Klassificeringssällskap • Tekniska krav på fartyg (oljetankers konstruktion, säkerhet för passengerar & fiskefartyg, lastning/lossning av of bulk fartyg) • ‘Human element’ (ISM, STCW, arbetstid) • Miljöregler (avfallshantering i hamnar, TBT, svavel i bränsle, sanktioner för utsläpp) • Trafikövervakning (VTMIS) • Ansvarsregler (förslag, förorening, passageraransvar)

  6. ● 1726/2003 (DH) Competing with international rules Complementing international rules by regional rules Making non-binding int’l rules mandatory in EU Implementing international rules ● 2005/33 (SOx) ● 2003/25* ● 2002/59 (VDR) ● 1999/35* ● 2005/35 (sanctions) ● 98/18* ● 336/2006 (ISM) ● 2000/59 (PRF) ● 98/41 (Pax.reg.) ● 93/75 (Hazmat) ● 725/2004 (ISPS) ● 2001/96 (BLU) ● 97/70 (SFV) ● 3051/95 (ISM) ● 782/2003 (AFS) ● 1999/95 (ILO 180) ● 94/58 (STCW) ● 95/21 (PSC) 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 * = Requirements for passenger ships under the ‘host State’ umbrella.

  7. Criminal sanctions Refusal of access to EU ports Conditions for operating pax. ship services Detention + banning Detention Pre-departure obligations Control ● 2005/35 ● 1726/2003 (DH) ● 417/2002 (DH) ● 725/2004 (ISPS) ● 98/18 (SOLAS) ● 1999/35 (licensing) ● 2003/25 (Ro-ro stability) ● 3051/95 (ISM) ● 2001/106 (PSC, VDR) ● 98/25 (ISM) ● 2001/25 (STCW) ●(?) 782/2003 (AFS) ● 336/2006 (ISM) ● 95/21 (PSC) ● 2000/59 (PRF) ● 2001/96 (BLU) ● 1999/95 (ILO 180) ●(?) 2005/33 (SOx) ● 93/75 (Hazmat) ● 97/70 (SFV) ● 94/58 (STCW) 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005

  8. Coastal State prescription

  9. EMSA - General • Established by Regulation (EC) 1406/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27th June 2002 (twice amended). • No (direct) regulatory role • Within the fields of maritime safety, pollution prevention from ships and ship security, EMSA has the following main tasks: • To provide technical advice to the Commission and Member States with a view to ensuring the proper implementation of EU maritime legislation • To foster technical cooperation between Member States and disseminate best practices • To provide operational capabilities, in particular to top-up Member States’ capabilities for oil pollution response

  10. Growth of the Agency

  11. EMSA Structure

  12. EMSA Tasks • Safety Assessments, Inspections • EMSA Audits are an important tool for ensuring proper implementation of EU maritime legislation and include: • Assessments of EU recognised classification societies • Visits to Member States administrations to verify implementation • Assessments of maritime education and training systems in third countries • Assistance to the Commission on security inspections

  13. EMSA Tasks • Common positions – Convergence in minds and policies • EMSA fosters the further development of the common maritime safety policy by : • studies and scientific reports to the Commission, including advice on new legislation • organising workshops with Member States, Commission and industry on policy issues of common interest • coordinating the technical development of major projects of common interest (for ex: SafeSeaNet)

  14. EMSA Tasks • Operational tasks: pollution response & satellite monitoringThe EMSA Board adopted a detailed action plan on pollution response in October 2004 • Priority is to increase the available response capacity for large tanker spills of heavy oil • EMSA to conclude stand-by contracts with operators of commercial vessels that can be converted rapidly into response vessels • Identify polluters at sea by means of satellite imaging

  15. Sammanfattningsvis • Komplementerande, snarare än konkurrerande, regleringsskikt (IMO-EU-EMSA-MS) • Juridiskt perspektiv: friktion ja, konflikter nej (för klarhet borde EG bli part i IMOs konventioner) • Politiskt perspektiv: ‘new kid on the block’ • Diskussion

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