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Prevention of Sports Injuries

Prevention of Sports Injuries. December 3, 2002. Definition of Sports Injury. Local Scenario. Strategies in Sports Injury Prevention. Aetiology of Sports Injuries. Mechanism of Injury. Injury Prevention. Principles of Sports Rehabilitation. Definition of Sports Injury.

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Prevention of Sports Injuries

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  1. Prevention of Sports Injuries December 3, 2002

  2. Definition of Sports Injury Local Scenario Strategies in Sports Injury Prevention Aetiology of Sports Injuries Mechanism of Injury Injury Prevention Principles of Sports Rehabilitation

  3. Definition of Sports Injury • Collective name for injuries relating to sports • One sustained during sports activity for which insurance is claimed • Injuries treated at a hospital casualty or medical department

  4. Local Scenario • Prospective survey on 2293 patients between May 1984 - December 1990 • Subjects: Non-professional, non elite athletes • Five most common sports injuries - Guess!

  5. Local Scenario • Soccer • Basketball • Volleyball • Long distance running • Cycling • Injuries to different body parts - Guess!

  6. Local Scenario • Knee most common (35.11%), followed by ankle (15.44%) • Lower limb: Upper limb injury ratio = 1:2.98 • Common conditions: ligament sprain (44.57%), musculotendinous strain (16.4%), overuse microinjury (12.56%)

  7. Consider: What are the risk factors involved in this sporting activity? Are they modifiable? What strategies can you think of in preventing injuries from occurring in this sport? Consider

  8. Soccer

  9. Basketball

  10. Sequence of Prevention 2. Establishing aetiology & mechanism of injuries • 1. Establishing the extent of the sports injury problem • Incidence • Severity 3. Introducing preventive measures 4. Assessing their effectiveness by repeating step 1

  11. Internal Factors Aetiology of Sports Injuries • Physical Defect • Physical Fitness • Previous injury • Physical Build • Age • Sex

  12. External Factors Aetiology of Sports Injuries • Sports-related factors • Venue • Equipment • Weather conditions • Trainer

  13. Mechanism of Injury • Overuse or poor training parameters • Collision with another athlete / object • Dangerous technique • Force overload • Environmental factors • Equipment factors • Accidents • Unsafe manipulation of physiology / drug abuse • Existing pathology • Complications of treatment

  14. Sequence of Prevention • 1. Establishing the extent of the sports injury problem • Incidence • Severity 2. Establishing aetiology & mechanism of injuries 3. Introducing preventive measures 4. Assessing their effectiveness by repeating step 1

  15. Injury Prevention Warm up Stretching exercises Strengthening exercises Endurance activities Sports-specific or functional activities Cool down Relaxation techniques Physical Conditioning

  16. Injury Prevention • Pre-participation Physical Condition • Specific to participation levels • Specific to age groups

  17. Injury Prevention Pre-injury data collection Nutrition and Diet Education Equipment & Environment

  18. Rehabilitation Aims • Knowledge of mechanism of injury • Minimisation of development of chronic pathologic changes in tissues • Accurate assessment and diagnosis • Goal oriented treatment • Objective and functional assessment specific to the sport • Safe plan for return • Injury prevention strategies

  19. Factors that influence rehabilitation goals • Type of sport • Time remaining in the season • Other sports • Sports rules • Outside sporting influence • Psyche of athlete • Type of injury • Severity of the injury • Type of treatment and rehabilitation

  20. Strategies in Injury Prevention Know the Sport Know the Athlete Know the Environment Know the Coach

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