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Markets for African Tilapia Products and Impacts on Local Supplies

Markets for African Tilapia Products and Impacts on Local Supplies. Kevin Fitzsimmons, Ph.D. Professor, University of Arizona PI – Aquaculture CRSP Vice President, American Tilapia Association President, World Aquaculture Society Washington D.C. April 28, 2004. Introduction.

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Markets for African Tilapia Products and Impacts on Local Supplies

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  1. Markets for African Tilapia Products and Impacts on Local Supplies Kevin Fitzsimmons, Ph.D. Professor, University of Arizona PI – Aquaculture CRSP Vice President, American Tilapia Association President, World Aquaculture Society Washington D.C. April 28, 2004

  2. Introduction • Quick review of tilapia • Explosion in tilapia trade • The US and International Markets • Value added products • Opportunities to expand markets

  3. Tilapia production • Currently second in volume to carps • Prediction: Tilapia will become most important aquaculture crop in this century • Widest demand, no religious/cultural concerns, few environmental concerns • More genetic potential • Greatest variety of production systems

  4. Farmed around the world. • Tilapia production in 100+ countries. • China is world’s largest producer. • Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia, Latin America, Egypt significant producers • Germany, Belgium, Spain, Canada, Korea, Japan, most states in US • Total production >1,500,000 mt in 2003

  5. Global Tilapia Sales (farmgate) • For year 2000 • US $ 1,706,538,200(FAO Fisheries Circular No. 886) • 2003 sales >$ 2,500,000,000

  6. Tilapia - the aquatic chicken • Grows in all kinds of farms • Eats all kinds of food • Large eggs and easy to rear young • Lots of ways to prepare the fish

  7. Ponds and cages

  8. Intensive tank culture Tanks in Arizona Tanks in Eritrea

  9. Intensive raceways Raceway Systems Extensive raceways

  10. Intensive farms in buildings in cool climates

  11. Intensive farms with recirculation in greenhouses

  12. Integrated with crop irrigation

  13. How did tilapia get so popular, so fast?

  14. Tilapia - the Perfect “Aquaculture” Storm

  15. Tilapia widely popular around the world and beyond. • Common names: Tilapia, chambo, boulti, lou fei, pla nil, St. Peters fish, mojara, freshwater and/or red snapper • Used in many cuisine, hundreds of recipes, often replaces over-fished local species • Eggs hatched and fry reared on International Space Station

  16. Established market demand • Accepted in many national dishes • Popular in many forms (live, whole, fillets, fresh and frozen, smoked, sashimi, fried skins)

  17. Environmentally correct • Primarily vegetarian • Most farm systems cause little pollution • Tilapia were long ago established as exotic species, common food fish • Grown mostly in developing countries • Few diseases, essentially no chemicals used

  18. Research & Development ISTA 6(Manila, Philippines, Sept 12 -16, 2004) • International Symposia on Tilapia in Aquaculture

  19. Genetic Improvements in Tilapia (From: Mair, G., 2002)

  20. The YY male technology (GMT®)

  21. Major Tilapia Producers (for year 2002) • China - 706,000 metric tons / year • Philippines - 122,277 mt / year • Mexico - 110,000 mt / year • Thailand - 100,000 mt / year • Taiwan Province - 90,000 mt / year • Brasil - 75,000 mt / year • Indonesia - 50,000 mt / year

  22. Major African Tilapia Producers (for year 2002) • Egypt - 55,000 metric tons / year • Zimbabwe - 5,000 mt / year • Kenya - 2,000 mt / year • Zambia - 1,000 mt / year • South Africa - 1,000 mt / year

  23. Commercial tilapia farms in Africa Army Farmnear Abassa, Egypt Dominion GroupRice/Tilapia farm near Kisumu, Kenya Farmers Co-op on Lake KaribaZambia Lake Harvest onLake Kariba, Zimbabwe

  24. Tilapia research centers in Africa Abassa, Egypt Massawa, Eritrea Boake, Cote D’ Ivoire Sagana and Eldoret, Kenya Zomba, Malawi Stellenbosch, South Africa

  25. Cages in Egypt 10 m2 cages near Alexandria

  26. SeaWater Farms, Massawa, Eritrea

  27. Lake Harvest, Zimbabwe

  28. Lake Harvest, Zimbabwe

  29. Lake Harvest, Zimbabwe

  30. EU Tilapia Supply and Demand • Supply of fillets primarily from China, Southeast Asia, South and Central America. • Demand for live fish in immigrant Asian and African communities • With rapid increases in supply, demand must increase at least as fast to support price.

  31. Consumer evolution • Ethnic buyers (Asian - African) • Up-scale restaurants • Casual dining • Hyper and super markets • Local groceries

  32. US Tilapia consumption - 2003(187,000 mt of live weight = 412,260,000 lbs)

  33. Top Ten Seafoods (U.S.)per capita (lbs)

  34. US. Tilapia imports 1993-2002

  35. $ 174,215,165 (2002) $241,205,610 (2003)

  36. 17,952 mt fresh fillets, 23,249 mt frozen fillets, 49,045 mt whole frozen (2003)

  37. US Consumption of tilapia • Imports in 2003 were $241,205,610 • US production of $30,000,000 at farm • 2003 sales were over $271,000,000 • 1994 - 2003 US tilapia sales (imports and domestic) exceeded one billion $$$

  38. Major fresh fillet buyers (US) • Major restaurant chains (Darden: Red Lobster, Bahama Breeze, Olive Garden, Landry’s: Joe’s CrabShack, Wille G’s, Rainforest Cafe), Ruby Tuesday, Applebees). • Major grocery chains (Safeway, Kroger, Winn-Dixie, Wegmans, Publix, Basha’s) • Food service (supply small restaurant & grocery chains) - SYSCO, Fleming Co., Shamrock • Brokers - most based in Miami, Tampa, Houston, Los Angeles, San Francisco, New York, Seattle

  39. Fresh tilapia fillet products • Size (under 3 oz, < 85 g) 3-5 oz, 85 - 140 g 4-6 oz, 110 - 170 g 5-7 oz, 140 - 195 g over 7 oz, > 195 g • Skin on, shallow skin or deep skin • Individual wrap, 2 or 5 kg package, master pack

  40. Fresh tilapia fillet product pricesFOB Miami • Size (under 3 oz, < 85 g) $2.80 - 3.00/lb 3-5 oz, 85 - 140 g $3.00 - 3.10/lb4-6 oz, 110 - 170 g $3.10 - 3.25/lb5-7 oz, 140 - 195 g $3.15 - 3.40/lbover 7 oz, > 195 g $3.35 - 3.55/lb • Variation in prices due to skinning, packaging, volumes and history with buyer • Additional variations with terms of payment

  41. Expanding European markets • Quality control and assurance • Advertising • New recipes • Substitute for sea bream, sea bass, flounder, snapper • New value added product forms

  42. Quality control and assurance • National standards • ISO and HACCP (Hazard Analysis at Critical Control Points) • Industry standards • Buyer standards • Other (NGO’s)

  43. Advertising

  44. Direct retail sales

  45. New recipes

  46. New recipes

  47. By-products • Leather goods from skin will become a significant contributor to profitability • Pharmaceuticals from skins • Formed fish products • Fertilizer • Fish meal

  48. Major Tilapia Producers in International Trade • China - whole frozen, IQF fillets • Ecuador - fresh fillets • Taiwan - whole, IQF, sashimi • South & Central America - fresh fillets • Zimbabwe - Fresh fillets • Indonesia - IQF fillets • Thailand - IQF fillets

  49. Current EU Market Trends • Increase in demand for all forms of tilapia • Demand increase will be greatest for fresh fillets • Prices have been constant for several years and will remain stable, will not increase with inflation

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