Title of the exhibition : S.O.S. ...---... Save our Sources Inspiration, innovation

1. European programme - Culture 2000“Cult-rural”Transnational-workshopExhibition Project 2Hungary - Sweden - FranceAFMA /MuCEM / SZNM/ SHFFlorence, november 2007 15th-17th

2. Title of the exhibition : S.O.S. ...---... Save our Sources Inspiration, innovation and technology in a rural perspective

3. Plan of the exhibition :1st part : Introductioninterpretation of s.o.s., aims, definitions, historical context2nd part : Tradition and adaptation3rd part : Innovation4th part : Conclusion be-how, good manners

4. I. IntroductionI.1. SOS (interpretation and aims)I.2. definitionsI.3. historical context - „learn from history” : failures from the Middle Ages to nowadays

5. Introduction • I.1. S.O.S. ...---... • I.1.1. Interpretation • „Save Our Souls” • „Save Our Ship” • „Send Our Savior” • > some examples of interpretations. • The sign means in fact nothing, it is not an abbreviation. They have agreed in this Morze-signs as ask for help-signal, because it is even for an amateur easy to recognise or to use even in case of interference. • Our interpretation: Save our Sources

6. I. IntroductionI.1. S.O.S. ...---...I.1.2. AimsTo demonstrate that in Europe during many centuries the main part of the people lived in rural areas, in rural settlements and they based their existence on cultivation of earth and/or on animal-husbandry. So we can talk about RURAL CULTURE and RURALITY.

7. I. IntroductionI.1. S.O.S. ...---...I.1.2. AimsTo show that rurality (landscape, people, way of life, idea) is not an isolated, independent and constant phenomenon, economical, social and cultural fact. There were/are always many connections, bilateral influences and a process of exchange between rural / urban areas, center / periphery (administration, trade, transport, migration,culture …)

8. I.IntroductionI.1. S.O.S. ...---...I.1.3. AimsAs due to different reasons rural culture is nowadays disappearing, there is an urgency to find know-hows from three European countries in order to promote them for a sustainable way of life.

9. I.IntroductionI.2. DefinitionsI.2.1. Technologyis a broad concept that deals with a species' usage and knowledge of tools and crafts, and how it affects a species' ability to control and adapt to its environment. Technology is a term with origins in the Greek "technologia", "τεχνολογία" — "techne", "τέχνη" ("craft") and "logia", "λογία" ("saying").However, a strict definition is elusive; "technology" can refer to material objects of use to humanity, such as machines, hardware or utensils, but can also encompass broader themes, including systems, methods of organization, and techniques.

10. IntroductionI.2. DefinitionsI.2.2. sustainable development= achieving economical, ecological, social and cultural goals in ways that can be supported for the long term by conserving resources, protecting the environment, and ensuring human health and welfare.

11. Historical context Think behind!

12. I. IntroductionI.3. The environmental failures from the Middle Ages to nowadays Photo : Objects : I.3.1. Deforestation: from Middle Ages to XVIIth and – XVIIIth century axes Puy de Dôme Le Monestier 65.6.46 65.6.47 Medieval book : Les riches oeuvres de l ’Abbaye de Citeaux FRANCE

13. I. IntroductionI.3. The environmental failures from the Middle Ages to nowadays Photo : on work Objects : I.3.1. Deforestation: from Middle Ages to XVIIth and – XVIIIth century HUNGARY

14. I. IntroductionI.3. The environmental failures from the Middle Ages to nowadays Photo : Objects : Use of forest I.3.1. Deforestation: from Middle Ages to XVIIth and – XVIIIth century SWEDEN

15. Photos: I. IntroductionI.3. The environmental technological failures from the Middle Ages to nowadays I.3.2. Mistaken reforestation in 18th century : inlightening of peasants by scholars Problem of shifting sands Tessedik Sámuel, Georgikon HUNGARY

16. I. IntroductionI.3. The environmental technological failures from the Middle Ages to nowadays I.3.2. Mistaken reforestation in 18th century : inlightening of peasants by scholars Locust from N.-America planted to fix the sand (+ secondary uses: excellent, lasting, wood and honey) The invasive plant push out natural flora and fauna. Now: WWF-pact from Rio (preserve of biodiversity) →prosets against locust plant. Photos: HUNGARY

17. Photos: Introduction I.3. The environmental technological failures from the Middle Ages to nowadays I.3.3. Reforestation : Planting of pines not adapted to the nature of soil (1st half XXth century to 1950s). trees in meadows epiceas trees rare coming in the valley FRANCE

18. Photos:on work Introduction I.3. The environmental technological failures from the Middle Ages to nowadays I.3.3. Reforestation : Planting of trees not adapted to the nature of soil SWEDEN

19. Objects : model of agricultural vehicle Introduction I.3. The environmental technological failures from the Middle Ages to nowadays I.3.4. soils : Mineralization in plain, packing of soil, Impoverishment of soil because of extreme provisions in manure fertilizer potassium of Alsace ground and manure basket Burgondy, Saône-et-Loire, ATP 38.50.130 FRANCE

20. Photos : Introduction I.3. The environmental technological failures from the Middle Ages to nowadays I.3.4. soils : Mineralization in plain, packing of soil, Impoverishment of soil because of extreme provisions in manure erosion of soil Excess of plough causes the disappearance of humus « glacis » FRANCE

21. Photos : Object : limitation of water uses in 2003 Introduction I.3. The environmental technological failures from the Middle Ages to nowadays I.3.5. Pollution by nitrates of water sheet and watercourses in river red colorated water in the Trévignon harbour, Brittany, 2004 FRANCE

22. Photo : Introduction I.3. The environmental technological failures from the Middle Ages to nowadays I.3.6. animals : porcine animal husbandry out of soil (after 1950). porcine animal husbandry out of soil (after 1950). FRANCE

23. I. IntroductionI.4. chronological frise (molino) of the most important agricultural events in Europe A fast zoom in: facts, diagrams, maps, > due to lack of time and space maybe in cartoon-strip! FRANCE, SWEDEN, HUNGARY

24. II. Tradition and adaptationII.1. EnvironsII.2. HabitationII.3. Food

25. 1. spot OBSERVE THE NATURE INSTEAD OF CHANGING IT!

26. Photos : II. Tradition and adaptation II.1. Environs II.1.1. Water + technology II.1.1.1. regulation of the river Tisza in 19th century Changing flood areas: changing flora and fauna, more earth for cultivation, growing level of ground-water, more sludge, sourronding areas: drought, low level of groundwater, overwatering, secondary salinization HUNGARY

27. Photos : II. Tradition and adaptation II.1. Environs II.1.1. Water + technology II.1.1.1. regulation of the river Tisza in 19th cent. Traditional know-how: Use of ‘fok’ Nagykörű: reorganisation program New Vásárhelyi-project HUNGARY

28. Photos : II. Tradition and adaptation II.1. Environs II.1.1. Water + technology II.1.1.2.The Dombes: fish breeding and plants cultivation FRANCE

29. Photos : Object : II. Tradition and adaptation II.1. Environs II.1.1. Water + technology II.1.1.3.The Maritime landscape: seaweed harvest and by-products Varech transport in Brittany and Corse MuCEM FRANCE

30. Photos : II. Tradition and adaptation II.1. Environs II.1.2. Soil + technolgy II.1.2.1 terraces landscape in the South of France struggling against erosion Desaignes, Ardèche used terraces landscape behind the village Desaignes, Ardèche abandonned and replanted terraces landscape behind the village FRANCE

31. II. Tradition and adaptation II.1. Environs II.1.2. Soil + technology II.1.2.1 terraces landscape in the South of France struggling against erosion Photos : Desaignes, Ardèche replanted terraces landscape behind the village FRANCE

32. II. Tradition and adaptation II.1. Environs II.1.2. Soil + technology Object : Photos : II.1.2.2. "hedged farmland" and the following of its evolution: very dense hedged farmland> wild regrouping> destruction of hedges and soil> reasoned replantation of hedges. « croissant » MuCEM Hedged farmland in Brionnais, Puy-de-Dôme Auvergne Destroyed hedge in Normandy FRANCE

33. II. Tradition and adaptation II.1. Environs II.1.2. Soil + technology Photos : II.1.2.2. "hedged farmland" and the following of its evolution: very dense hedged farmland> wild regrouping> destruction of hedges and soil> reasoned replantation of hedges. Hedge « plessage » in Ecomusée du Perche in Normandy Hedge : « plessage » FRANCE

34. 2. spot Use local material!

35. Object : Photos : II. Tradition and adaptation II.2. Habitation II.2.1. Wall from earth II.2.1.1. The vernacular and monumental built heritage: source of development, source of inspiration Model of britanny house, scale 1/20 MuCEM, 80.00.00, earth’s work FRANCE

36. Object : Photos : II. Tradition and adaptation II.2. Habitation II.2.1. Wall from earth II.2.1.1. The vernacular and monumental built heritage: source of development, source of inspiration HUNGARY

37. Object : timber axes, Falun red colour Photos : II. Tradition and adaptation II.2. Habitation II.2.1. Wall from earth II.2.1.1. The vernacular and monumental built heritage: source of development, source of inspiration SWEDEN

38. II. Tradition and adaptation II.2. Habitation II.2.2. Roof II.2.2.1. The vernacular and monumental built heritage : source de development and inspiration Photos: Object : tool for thatched roof Savoie MuCEM 61.115.15 work of thatched roof FRANCE

39. II. Tradition and adaptation II.2. Habitation II.2.2. Roof II.2.2.1. The vernacular and monumental built heritage : source de development and inspiration Photos: Object : HUNGARY

40. II. Tradition and adaptation II.2. Habitation II.2.2. Roof II.2.2.1. The vernacular and monumental built heritage : source de development and inspiration Photos: on work Object : wooden brick SWEDEN

41. 3. spot Eat seasonal product!

42. Photos : Object : II. Tradition and adaptation II.3. Food II.3.1. Vegetables II.3.1.1. Tönköly wheat HUNGARY

43. Object : Corbs straw gras Old botanical drawings from Linné Photos : II. Tradition and adaptation II.3. Food II.3.1. Vegetables II.3.1.2. SWEDEN Peninguila vulgaris for preservation of milk

44. Photos : Object : II. Tradition and adaptation II.3. Food II.3.1. Vegetables II.3.1.3. harvest with hand: grapevine, fruits, olive. The manual crop becomes a commercial argument with a strong symbolic added value even if it meets in the increase of the selling price of the product to the consumer. Beans from Tarbes Harvest with hand : beans from Tarbes, Pyrénées FRANCE

45. Photos : Object : II. Tradition and adaptation II.3. Food II.3.2. Animals II.3.2.1. A pig makes career : the Mangalica-story HUNGARY

46. Photos : Object : milkseparators, canne, milkbucket, sieves, cheeseframe II. Tradition and adaptation II.3. Food II.3.2. Animals II.3.2.1. A cow, who produce milk with good Cholesterol: Fjällko Sweden

47. Photos : II. Tradition and adaptation II.3. Food II.3.2. Animals II.3.2.2. The example of poultry from Bresse Honey pot FRANCE

48. Photos : II. Tradition and adaptation II.3. Food II.3.2. Animals II.3.2.2. The example of poultry Coucou of Rennes FRANCE

49. III. InnovationIII.1. Eco-energiesIII.2. Eco-landscapingIII.3. Eco-livingIII.4. Eco-farmingIII.5. Eco-housekeeping

50. Photos: Object : III. Innovation III.1. Eco-energies III.1.1. Individual use of energies : heating wood, hydraulic energy, wind force Hydraulic mill at Saint-Jorioz, Haute-Savoie Lycée Jeanne d’Arc – Saint – Ivy, Pontivy, Brittany FRANCE