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Essential Guide to Photosynthesis: Part 1 - Autotrophs and Plant Structure

Discover the process of photosynthesis in autotrophs and the structure of plants. Learn about key producers and the organelles involved. Explore gas exchange, chloroplast structure, and the redox reactions that drive photosynthesis.

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Essential Guide to Photosynthesis: Part 1 - Autotrophs and Plant Structure

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  1. Photosynthesis Part 1 Pages 108 to 111

  2. Autotrophs • Name some common producers • Plants, algae, some protists, cyanobacteria • Define photoautotroph • An organism that uses light energy to produce food • Define chemoautotroph • An organism that uses chemical energy to produce food

  3. Fig. 10-2 (a) Plants (c) Unicellular protist 10 µm (e) Purple sulfur bacteria 1.5 µm (b) Multicellular alga (d) Cyanobacteria 40 µm

  4. Location of photosynthesis • State the organelle of photosynthesis • Chloroplast • Where are chloroplasts concentrated in plants? • The green tissue on the interior of the leaf • Mesolphyll

  5. Fig. 10-3a Leaf crosssection Vein Mesophyll Stomata CO2 O2 Chloroplast Mesophyll cell 5 µm

  6. Gas Exchange • Explain how gases are exchanged between the plant and the environment. • Stoma are openings in the epidermis of leaves • Guard cells surround the stoma and they regulate the opening & closing of the stoma • When open, CO2 can enter while O2 and H2O can exit

  7. Fig. 10-3b Chloroplast Structure of the chloroplast Thylakoid is site of light reactions Stroma is site of Calvin Cycle Outer membrane Thylakoid Intermembrane space Stroma Granum Thylakoid Space (lumen) Inner membrane 1 µm

  8. Plants produce O2 by splitting H2O • 1950’s – scientists used heavy isotope of oxygen (18O) to follow oxygen through photosynthesis. • Tagged oxygen of CO2 and found no tagged O2 given off • Tagged O2 of H2O and found tagged O2 given off

  9. Fig. 10-4 6 CO2 12 H2O Reactants: 6 H2O 6 O2 C6H12O6 Products:

  10. Photosynthesis is a Redox Reaction • Equation • 6CO2 + 6H2O Light C6H12O6 + 6O2 • Redox reaction of photosynthesis • Oxidized: • H2O to O2 • Reduced: • CO2 to C6H12O6

  11. Overview of Photosynthesis • Photosynthesis consists of the light reactions (photo – absorbs light energy) and the Calvin cycle (synthesis – makes sugar)

  12. 2 stages of photosynthesis Light Reactions • Takes place in the thylakoids • Split H2O • Release O2 • Reduce NADP+ to NADPH • Produce ATP via photophosphorylation • Takes place in the stroma • Forms sugar using • CO2 from atmosphere • ATP and NADPH from light reactions • Starts with carbon fixation Calvin Cycle

  13. Fig. 10-5-4 CO2 H2O Light NADP+ ADP + P i Calvin Cycle Light Reactions ATP NADPH Chloroplast [CH2O] (sugar) O2

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