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Chapter 14 Liquids & Solids. 14.1 – Intermolecular Forces. 14.1 - Intermolecular Forces. Intermolecular forces vs. intramolecular forces. 14.1 - Intermolecular Forces. Intermolecular forces vs. intramolecular forces Intramolecular forces = bonds that hold molecules together.
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Chapter 14Liquids & Solids 14.1 – Intermolecular Forces
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces Intermolecular forces vs. intramolecular forces
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces Intermolecular forces vs. intramolecular forces Intramolecular forces = bonds that hold molecules together
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces Intermolecular forces vs. intramolecular forces Intramolecular forces = bonds that hold molecules together Intermolecular forces = forces that occur between molecules
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces (3) Types of intermolecular forces discussed in this chapter: • Dipole-dipole attraction
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces Dipole Dipole Attraction Molecules with dipole moments can attract each other by lining up so that their positive and negative ends are close to each other.
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces Dipole-dipole attraction
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces (3) Types of intermolecular forces discussed in this chapter: • Dipole-dipole attraction • Hydrogen bonding
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces Hydrogen bonding • A type of dipole dipole attraction
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces Hydrogen bonding • A type of dipole dipole attraction • Stronger than ordinary dipole dipole attractions
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces Hydrogen bonding • A type of dipole dipole attraction • Stronger than ordinary dipole dipole attractions • Occurs between molecules in which hydrogen is bound to a highly electronegative atome.g. N, O, F
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces Hydrogen bonding Two reasons why so strong:
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces Hydrogen bonding Two reasons why so strong: • High polarity
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces Hydrogen bonding Two reasons why so strong: • High polarity • Close approach of dipoles due to very small size of Hydrogen atom
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces (3) Types of intermolecular forces discussed in this chapter: • Dipole-dipole attraction • Hydrogen bonding • London dispersion forces
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces London dispersion forces • Intermolecular attractions formed from temporary dipolar arrangement
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces London dispersion forces • Intermolecular attractions formed from temporary dipolar arrangement • Form between noble gase and nonpolar moleclese.g. Argon, N2
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces London dispersion forces
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces London dispersion forces
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces London dispersion forces • Weak and short-lived, but can be very significant for large atoms and molecules
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces London dispersion forces • Weak and short-lived, but can be very significant for large atoms and molecules • Attractions stronger with larger sized atoms because more electrons are available to form dipoles
14.1 - Intermolecular Forces London dispersion forces • Weak and short-lived, but can be very significant for large atoms and molecules • Attractions stronger with larger sized atoms because more electrons are available to form dipoles • Motions of atoms must be greatly slowed down before the LDF can lock the atoms into place to produce a solid
