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Understanding the Impact of Corticosterone on Bird Behavior Across Different Latitudes

This study explores the relationship between corticosterone (CORT) levels and avian behavior, emphasizing the differences observed in birds across latitudinal gradients. Higher CORT is linked to increased foraging activity in birds, while adversely impacting parental behavior and aggression. Birds in tropical regions maintain lower CORT due to pathogen pressure, which reduces immunosuppressive effects. In contrast, Arctic birds face varied breeding opportunities due to weather extremes, necessitating adaptations in parental care. This analysis integrates ecological pressures, hormonal responses, and behaviors relevant to bird species survival.

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Understanding the Impact of Corticosterone on Bird Behavior Across Different Latitudes

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Man that was a lot of work…What does it mean???

  2. It’s all About Relationships… and I don’t mean the touchy-feely kind • X axis is Independent Variable • Cause • Y axis is Dependent Variable • Effect

  3. Here are the Averages...

  4. Range of Activity • Increased CORT means a more ACTIVE bird • Activities: • Increased foraging behavior • Decreased parental behavior • Decreased aggression

  5. CORT Across Latitudes

  6. Why the differences??? Medium CORT Arctic Tioga Pass, CA Highest CORT Equator Lowest CORT

  7. Tropics • Pathogen pressure • increases at the equator • CORT can be immunosuppressive • Tropical birds must maintain low CORT • Means respond weakly to stress

  8. Arctic • Weather conditions limit breeding opportunities • Increased CORT decreases parental care • Must have lower levels of CORT then Tioga • Arctic - one brood • Tioga – one to two broods

  9. Tioga • Increased CORT increases activity and foraging behavior • Need to be able to reacted to changing weather conditions • from mild to sever storms • Can try for a second brood later

  10. Mommy or Daddy… who has more CORT

  11. Female cares for young…

  12. What if it is the MALE who cares for the young?

  13. Males 80 Females 60 40 20 11 9 8 13 8 5 0 PESA SESA WESA REPH F Parental care? : M M + F Corticosterone Increase, ng/ml Magnitude of Pectoral Semipalmated Red Sandpiper Sandpiper Phalarope

  14. Reference Page • Breuner, C. W., Greenberg, A. L., and Wingfield, J. C. (1998). Non-Invasive Corticosterone Treatment Rapidly Increases Activity in Gambel's White-Crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichialeucophrysgambelii). General and Comparative Endocrinology 111: 386-394 • Breuner, C., & Hahn, T. 2003. Integrating stress physiology, environmental change, and behavior in free-living sparrows. Hormones & Behavior, 43: 115-123. • Malisch, J., & Breuner, C. 2010. Steriod-binding proteins and free steroids. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 316: 42-52. • Martin II, L., Gilliam, J., Hahn, P., Lee, K., Wikelski, M. 2005. Corticosterone suppresses cutaneous immune function in temperate but not tropical House Sparrows, Passer domesticus. General and Comparative Endocrinology 140(2): 126-135.

  15. Storm Foraging Success/Body Condition Poor Good Increase CORT Remain Can’t Find Food Intensify Search for Food Find Food Leave

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