Alcohol may not Solve Your Problems [at least -- not on your mask] Total Germ Protection

1. Alcohol may not Solve Your Problems[at least -- not on your mask]Total Germ Protection Presented By: Stewart Gregory Stephen Falder

2. Overview • Masks and Human Health • Current Strategy and Process • A ‘Bugs’ View • Alcohol Risk Factors • APIC • Mask Damage • The Strategy of Byotrol • Protection Barrier • Why Byotrol Technology • Less Mask Damage • Use of Correct Wipe Material • Possible Military Applications • Conclusion: Byotrol Vs. Alcohol

3. Masks and Human Health • Breathing apparatus is nearly always in close physical contact with the nose mouth and face. • Regular use results in transfer of bio-burden [bugs] from wearer to the mask and provides a nutrient source. • Left unchecked, the microbial flora on a mask will present a clear risk to the wearer • Increases the likelihood of illness • Likelihood of persistence of a disease/malady

4. Current Strategy Shock & awe! Hit ‘em hard Hit ‘em fast Maybe damage their ‘country’ Wait a bit Repeat

5. Current Process • Clean it • Disinfect it • Rinse it • Air dry it 5/23/2012 - Senior Airman Mark Rocamontes, 374th Operations Support Squadron aircrew flight equipment journeyman, inspects a MBU-12/P mask before sanitizing it at Yokota Air Base, Japan, May 21, 2012. Masks are inspected and sanitized every 30 days. (U.S. Air Force photo by Airman 1st Class Krystal M. Garrett)

6. But From A ‘Bugs’ View? • Current cleaning process • Relies on direct contact of the disinfectant with the microbe. • This requires a specified contact time in order to be effective • From a bugs point of view • Avoid the contact [By hiding under other bugs] • Survive the contact times [Noro-virus needs 60 seconds wet contact with alcohol] • Arrive after the cleaning has been done! • Cleaning as we do it now makes life easier for new microbes to move in. Another “bug benefit”

7. Alcohol Risk Factors [1] Images 50 x and 500 x showing the typical large surface area for evaporation presented by a non woven wipe Alcohol efficacy drops sharply as it goes below 60%, ‘failing to danger’ during the cleaning process. This is made worse if a large evaporative surface area is presented [i.e. if it is used as a wipe].

8. Alcohol Risk Factors [2] Damage • An organic solvent (Alcohol) • Can and will affect certain mask polymers that compose a typical mask causing swelling • More importantly damage/erosion of certain components changing the structure of the component making it more microbe friendly.

9. APIC • According to the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology ( APIC) • Eethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol are not effective in sterilizing equipment and instruments • They lack sporicidal activity • Can’t penetrate protein-rich material • Isopropyl alcohol lacks the ability to kill hydrophilic viruses • For these reasons, alcohol is classified as an low- intermediate level disinfectant. • Activity of both alcohols, however, drops sharply when diluted below 60%.

10. Damage [1] Smooth appearance of new/ v low use mask seal [Image at 250 x Mag using SEM] Very Pitted and damaged areas found all over alcohol cleaned and used mask [Image at 250 x Mag using SEM]

11. Damage [2] Damage to the mask caused by solvent application can be seen creating small and larger ‘pits’ which have a structure that is very attractive to microbial colonization

12. The Strategy of Byotrol Killing germs and other microbes is easy. Controlling them for prolonged periods is very hard! Remove the problem Disinfectant Change the conditions Anti-infectant! Powerful, Long lasting but [to us!] gentle.

13. Protection Barrier

14. Why Byotrol Technology? • Broad-band biocide effects on virus, bacterial cells & spores, fungi and algae. • Inhibits the re-growth of biofilm for extended periods of time. • Unique properties is • Residual/durable action • Remains active even after it dries • Provides long- lasting active protection for extended periods

15. The Differences That Gentle And Persistence Bring : Less Damage Byotrol Alcohol Sections of new mask after 500 wipes with alcohol and after 500 wipes with Byotrol showing pitting damage with alcohol. Note Accelerated test shows very similar effect to the ‘used mask’ sections

16. Using The Correct Wipe Material Side by side mask section cleaned with: Higher mag image of paper residues Paper Towel wipe Non Woven wipe Disinfectants applied by paper wipes will leave residues behind that can act at as ‘refuge’ for microbes

17. Possible Military Application All respiratory and above neck equipment subject to contact with the skin: • Chem / Bio Masks and Hoods [Aircrew and Ground Crew] • Lip Lights • Visors • NVGs • Flash-Blindness Goggles • Boom & Throat Mics Distinct advantages over alcohol: 1. Non-HAZMAT. Convenient shipping, storage, and handling 2. More effective than alcohol 3. Safe for aircrew and technicians 4. Long lasting protection after its dry

18. Summary Byotrol Vs. Alcohol • Proven more effective though testing • Safe no hazardous materials • More Powerful Absolutely deadly to bacteria and viruses...Fast acting effect; powerful germ killing power – up to 99.99% of germs in 30 seconds.Broad-based efficacy across all microbial classes: bacteria, viruses, fungi, molds & algae. • Gentle Harmless to individual aircrew ….. Bleach is toxic and corrosive, alcohol can irritate skin. Byotrol’s structure allows for fewer chemicals, reassuring for you and your family. • Long-lasting keeps working long after alcohol have stopped.Residual, durable, long-lasting protection from germs : hours, days, weeks, even months for certain formulations

19. Questions?