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Residential Energy Code Compliance IRC 2000 IECC 2000/ 2001/2003

Residential Energy Code Compliance IRC 2000 IECC 2000/ 2001/2003. U.S. Department of Energy Building Energy Codes Program. The Family of I-Codes. Structure of the IRC. Building Envelope IRC Chapter 3 Requirements for Insulation IRC Chapter 4 Foundation waterproofing and dampproofing

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Residential Energy Code Compliance IRC 2000 IECC 2000/ 2001/2003

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  1. Residential Energy Code Compliance IRC 2000 IECC 2000/2001/2003 U.S. Department of Energy Building Energy Codes Program 1

  2. The Family of I-Codes 2

  3. Structure of the IRC Building Envelope • IRC Chapter 3 • Requirements for Insulation • IRC Chapter 4 • Foundation waterproofing and dampproofing • Foundation drainage • Foundation venting • IRC Chapter 5 • Shallow frost foundations • IRC Chapter 7 • Weather resistant coverings for walls • IRC Chapter 8 • Weather resistant coverings for roof assemblies Mechanical System • IRC Chapter 14 • Heating and cooling sizing calculations and sizing requirements 3

  4. Relationship Between IRC and IECC • Chapter 11“Sets forth energy-efficiency related requirements for the design and construction of buildings…..” • Section N1102.1 Residential Buildings, Detached One- and Two Family • References IECC for buildings > 15% gross wall area •  Section N1102.2 Residential Buildings, Townhouses • References IECC for buildings > 25% gross wall area •  Section N1103 Mechanical System • References IECC Section 503.2 for HVAC Efficiency •  Section N1104 Water Heating Efficiency • References IECC Section 504.2 for water heating efficiency 4

  5. Structure of the IECC • Chapter 1 Administrative & Enforcement • Chapter 2 Definitions • Chapter 3 Design Conditions • Chapter 4 Residential - Systems Analysis • Chapter 5 Residential - Component Performance • Chapter 6 Simplified Prescriptive Requirements • Chapter 7 ASHRAE 90.1-2001 Energy Code Reference • Chapter 8 Design by Acceptable Practice for Commercial Buildings • Chapter 9 Referenced Standards Residential Chapters 5

  6. Presentation Reference Requirement covered by material is highlighted in red. Mandatory requirements such as moisture and infiltration control must usually be met regardless of location or design. Specific requirements such as insulation levels are based on the project location (HDD) and window wall ratio. Code year covered in current presentation. Mandatory Requirements 2000/ 2001/ 2003IECC Mechanical Section 501 Moisture Lighting Infiltration SHGC Envelope 6 Code Section # Requirements are outlined in Chapter 5 (Section 502.1) of the IECC. Requirements can be met by the approaches in Chapter 5 or the simplified tables of Chapter 6. This presentation covers 2000/2001/2003 IECC Residential Requirements – New 2001/2003 requirements are listed in red. 6

  7. Residential Compliance Outline Current Presentation • Overview of Residential Energy Codes • Energy Code Compliance Options • Energy Code Requirements • Mandatory Requirements • Specific Requirements • Building Science Concepts • Systems Design and the Code • Compliance Using REScheck (Case Study) Basic Code Compliance Presentation Building Science/ Code Compliance Presentation Case Study Presentation For additional training materials see www.energycodes.gov/training/presentations/ 7

  8. IECC Code Compliance Options Prescriptive . Total Building Trade Off Energy Analysis Individual Component Basis 502.2.1 Energy Analysis Chapter 4 Total Building UA 502.2.2 Not covered in this presentation. Acceptable Practice 502.2.3 Prescriptive Specification 502.2.4 Simplified Prescriptive Chapter 6 8

  9. Code Compliance Tools Prescriptive. Total Building Trade Off Energy Analysis Prescriptive Package Worksheet (manual) Prescriptive Tables Trade-off Worksheet (manual) Software REMdesign REMrate EnergyGauge REScheck Software (Web-based & Desktop) REScheck Package Generator (Web-based) Not covered in this presentation. 9

  10. Chapter 4 Residential – Systems Analysis • Requires a computer program • Chapter 4 spells out additional essential types of input values (not applicable in REScheck), such as: • House tightness (measured by test for “Final Rating;” projected for “From Plans Rating”) • Window solar accessand orientation evaluated • Duct tightness evaluated • Water heating (appliance Energy Factor) • Thermal mass present 10

  11. BECP Code Compliance Tools Prescriptive Approach Trade-off Approach • Simple, fast and easy • Generally most stringent • Requires minimum input • Based on climate and WWR • Uses a prototype building • Trade-off between components • Provides design flexibility • Requires area & U/R-factors • Uses UA calculation (REScheck) & regression equations (COMcheck) Residential REScheck • Prescriptive Tables & Printed Guides • REScheck Web Package Generator • REScheck desktop software for Windows and Mac with AreaCalc tool • REScheck-Web software Web Based Tools Commercial COMcheck-EZ • Prescriptive Tables / Printed Guides • COMcheck Web Package Generator • COMcheck-EZ desktop software for Windows • COMcheck-Web software Web Based Tools 11

  12. Scope • Detached one and two–family dwellings • R-2 (A-1) and R-4 (A-2) Residential Buildings containing 3 or more dwelling units where the occupants are permanent in nature and are 3 stories or less in height • Additions, including Sunrooms Section 101 12

  13. Exceptions • Very low energy use buildings (<3.4 Btu/h-ft2 or 1 watt/ft2) • Buildings (or portions of) that are neither heated nor cooled • Buildings designated as historic (Section 101.4.2.3) Section 101.4.1 13

  14. Changes to Occupancy • Alterations to existing spaces • Applies to only portions of the systems being altered • Applies if alteration increases energy use • Alterations must meet the requirements applying to the altered component • New systems in the alterations must comply Section 101.4.1 14

  15. Mixed Use Buildings • Minor occupancy • <10% of floor area • Treat as major occupancy • Hotel/motel and commercial occupancies • Treat as different commercial occupancies • Mixed residential and commercial occupancies • Treat the residential occupancy under the applicable residential code • Treat the commercial occupancy under the commercial code Office Residence Apartments Restaurant Section 101.4.1 15

  16. Conditioned space Building Envelope • The intent of the energy code is to regulate the design of the building envelope to enable the effective use of energy. • The Building Envelope separates conditioned space from unconditioned space or the outdoors. attic 16

  17. Building Envelope 17

  18. Building Envelope Requirements 1) Mandatory Requirements: • Moisture Control • Recessed Cans • Infiltration Control • Solar Heat Gain Coefficient • 2) Climate Specific Requirements: • Foundations • Basements • Slabs • Crawlspaces • Above Grade Walls • Skylights, Windows, and Doors • Roofs Section 502.1 18

  19. Moisture Control Why a Vapor Retarder? • Vapor travels from high pressure to low pressure. Moisture-laden air is literally "pushed" through penetrations in the building envelope. The moisture could damage the insulation and even the framing members, but a continuous vapor barrier helps prevent this from happening. Section 502.1.1 19

  20. Vapor Retarders – Code Requirements • Basic Requirements • Install on “warm-in-winter side” of insulation • Use in unvented framed walls, floors, and ceilings • Must have perm rating of ≤ 1.0 per Procedure A of ASTM E 96 Section 502.1.1 20

  21. Vapor Retarder - Exceptions • Exceptions • Climate Zones 1 through 7 (IECC Chapter 3) • In construction where moisture or its freezing won’t damage materials • If other approved means to avoid condensation are provided States with no vapor retarder requirements (IECC 2001) Section 502.1.1 21

  22. Vapor Retarders - Options Kraft-faced Vapor Retarder Poly Vapor Retarder Section 502.1.1 22

  23. Vapor Retarders - Examples Section 502.1.1 23

  24. Recessed Lighting Fixtures • Type IC rated, with no penetrations between the inside of the recessed fixture and ceiling cavity (sealed and caulked) • Type IC or non-IC rated, installed inside a sealed box of ½" gypsum wallboard or other assembly manufactured for this purpose • Type IC rated, in accordance with ASTM E 283 to be an “Air-Tight” enclosure Section 502.1.3 24

  25. Recessed Lighting Fixtures Section 502.1.3 25

  26. - + Airflow + Neutral Pressure Plane - Wind Stack What is Infiltration? • Infiltration is the unwanted air movement through a building and is caused by a pressure difference (air moves from high pressure to a lower pressure) Section 502.1.4 26

  27. Areas for Air Leakage • Windows and doors • Between sole plates • Floors and exterior wall panels • Plumbing • Electrical • Service access doors or hatches Section 502.1.4 27

  28. Air Leakage Control • Building envelope • Sealed with caulking materials or • Closed with gasketing systems • Joints and seams sealed or taped or covered with a moisture vapor-permeable wrapping material Section 502.1.4.2 28

  29. Windows - SHGC • Solar Heat Gain Coefficient • Requirements can be dependent on projection factor • National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) tested • Default SHGC range diagrams • SHGC = SC x .87 Solar Heat Gain Coefficient Section 502.1.5 29

  30. Locations with SHGC Requirements Section 502.1.5 30

  31. SHGC Default Table Table 102.5.2(3) SHGC DEFAULT TABLE FOR FENESTRATION Section 102.5.2 31

  32. Specific Requirements • 1) Mandatory Requirements: • Moisture Control • Recessed Cans • Infiltration Control • Solar Heat Gain Coefficient • 2) Specific Requirements: • Foundations • Basements • Slabs • Crawlspaces • Above Grade Walls • Skylights, Windows, and Doors • Roofs Section 502.2 32

  33. Envelope Requirement Compliance Options Section 502.2 Heating and Cooling Criteria Individual Component Basis 502.2.1 Total Building Performance 502.2.2 Acceptable Practice 502.2.3 Prescriptive Specification 502.2.4 Uo Graphs Uo Tables from Appendix Chap. 5 Prescriptive Tables REScheck Software Most Flexible Approach Section 602.1 Thermal Performance Criteria Simplified Prescriptive Tables Use if WWR < 15% for S.F., < 25% for M.F. Chap. 6 Prescriptive Tables 33

  34. R-Values • Thermal resistance to heat flow • The larger the number the better • The R-value of layers in an assembly can be added together 34

  35. U-Factors • The amount of heat in Btu (British thermal units) that flows each hour through one square foot, when there is a 1ºF temperature difference across the surface • The smaller the number the better 35

  36. Floors over Unconditioned Space • Crawlspace is vented when the floor above is insulated. • Meet or exceed R-value requirements. Section 502.2/ 602.1 36

  37. Supported Floor Insulation • Support insulation in floor cavity Section 502.2/ 602.1 37

  38. Floors over Outside Air Floors over outside air must meet ceiling R-value requirements Section 502.2/ 602.1 38

  39. Crawlspace Wall Insulation When crawlspace walls are insulated, foundation vents are not required. Space should be mechanically vented or conditioned. Section 502.2/ 602.1 39

  40. Vented & Unvented Crawlspaces Vented Crawlspace Requirements: • The raised floor over the crawlspace must be insulated to the code R-value requirements for floors (varies by location). • A vapor retarder may be required as part of the floor assembly (varies by location). • Ventilation openings must exist that are equal to at least 1 square foot for each 150 square feet of crawlspace area and be placed to provide cross-flow (IRC 408.1, may be less if ground vapor retarder is installed). • Unconditioned crawlspace ducts must be sealed and meet R-value insulation requirements (IECC Table 503.3.3.3) - usually R-5. Unvented Crawlspace Requirements: • The crawlspace ground surface must be covered with an approved vapor retarder (e.g., plastic sheeting). • Crawlspace walls must be insulated to the R-value requirements specific for crawlspace walls (IECC 602.1.7, 502.2.1.5, and Table 602.1). • Crawlspace wall insulation must extend from the top of the wall to the inside finished grade. • Crawlspaces must be mechanically vented (1 cfm per 50 square feet) or conditioned (heated and cooled as part of the building envelope). Section 502.2/ 602.1 40

  41. Slab Edge Insulation • Proposed R-value must meet or exceed • Downward from top of slab a minimum of 24” (< 6000 HDD), 48” (> 6000 HDD) • Downward to at least the bottom of the slab and then horizontally – 24” (< 6000 HDD), 48” (> 6000 HDD) Section 502.2/ 602.1 41

  42. Slab Edge Insulation Section 502.2/ 602.1 42

  43. Below-Grade Walls •  50% below grade • Meet or exceed required R-values Section 502.2/ 602.1 43

  44. Defining Below-Grade Walls Section 502.2/ 602.1 44

  45. Ways to Insulate Basement Walls Exterior Rigid Foam Interior Studs w/batts Section 502.2/ 602.1 45

  46. Above Grade Walls Insulate walls including those next to unconditioned spaces Don’t forget to insulate rim joists Section 502.2/ 602.1 46

  47. Wall Insulation Section 502.2/ 602.1 47

  48. Knee Wall Insulation No, No… Never cut the batts too short Section 502.2/ 602.1 48

  49. Windows & Glass Doors • Key Elements • Glazing Area • SHGC values • U-Values Section 502.2/ 602.1 49

  50. Windows - SHGC • Solar Heat Gain Coefficient • Requirements dependent on projection factor • National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) tested • Default SHGC range diagrams • SHGC = SC x .87 Solar Heat Gain Coefficient Section 502.2/ 602.1 50

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