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ANOTHER AGE OF REFORM

ANOTHER AGE OF REFORM. Objective: To define progressivism and identify how it manifested itself on the local & state level by looking at the goals & actions of progressives. ROOTS OF PROGRESSIVISM. CONTINUATION OF POST CIVIL WAR RESPONSE TO INDUSTRIALIZATION “THE SEARCH FOR ORDER”

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ANOTHER AGE OF REFORM

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  1. ANOTHER AGE OF REFORM Objective: To define progressivism and identify how it manifested itself on the local & state level by looking at the goals & actions of progressives

  2. ROOTS OF PROGRESSIVISM CONTINUATION OF POST CIVIL WAR RESPONSE TO INDUSTRIALIZATION “THE SEARCH FOR ORDER” “STATUS REVOLUTION” “TO USE GOVERNMENT AS AN AGENCY OF HUMAN WELFARE” CONTROL CORPORATIONS CLEANSE GOVERNMENT CIVIC RESPONSIBILITY IMPROVE SOCIETY ELIMINATE INFLUENCE OF SPECIAL INTERESTS

  3. NOT A SINGLE MOVEMENT, SENSE OF NEW SOCIAL POSSIBILITIES • AGE OF ORGANIZATION DAWNED & MEMBERSHIP GAVE FOLKS SENSE OF IDENTITY THEY USED TO GET FROM CHURCH, NEIGH-BORHOOD, POLITICAL PARTY • PARTICIPATE IN IMPROVING SOCIETY WITHOUT BEING RADICAL • SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & EXPERTISE CREATED INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY THEN THEY COULD IMPROVE THE PROBLEMS AS A RESULT • T. VEBLEN “THEORY OF THE LEISURE CLASS” 1899 • W. JAMES & OTHER PRAGMATISTS • JOHN DEWEY – SCHOOLS ENGINES OF SOCIAL CHANGE • O.W. HOLMES – “THE COMMON LAW” 1881 LAW MUST EVOLVE AS SOCIETY CHANGES • ASHCAN ARTISTS – NOT RADICAL • INTELLECTUALS REORIENTED AMERICAN SOCIAL THOUGHT • LAISSEZ FAIRE OBSOLETE • PROBLEM WAS PERSONAL VALUES OF REFORMERS SEEN AS ABSOLUTE STANDARDS OF TRUTH AND MORALITY THE PROGRESSIVE MIND

  4. EXPOSE TACTICS & POLICIES OF INDUSTRIALISTS • I. TARBELL- STANDARD OIL • L. STEFFENS - THE SHAME OF THE CITIES • U. SINCLAIR THE JUNGLE 1906 • IMMORAL INDUSTRIALISTS • MATERIALISTIC MINISTERS • LACKY LAWYERS • INVESTIGATIVE JOURNALISM • McCLURE’S, COLLIER’S MAGAZINES SPENT $$$ ON FACT CHECKING BEFORE PUBLISHING MUCKRAKERS: BRINGING THE MOVEMENT INTO FOCUS

  5. ABOLISH CORRUPTION & INEFFICIENCY IN GOVERN-MENT • RID LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF BOSSES – TWEED & RUEF • L. STEFFENS “SHAME OF THE CITIES” • CHANGE URBAN POLITICAL INSTITUTION OF GOV’T • HOME RULE CHARTERS – INDEP FROM STATE LEGS. • CITY MANAGER SYSTEM ADMINISTER AFFAIRS NON-PARTISAN – TEXAS • ELECTION OF PROGRESSIVE MAYORS LOCAL POLITICS

  6. STATE LEGISLATURES RURAL & OLD BOYS CLUB SO REFORM HERE TOO • WISCONSIN IDEA – ‘FIGHT-ING BOB LA FOLLETTE’ – GOV. 1900 • DIRECT PRIMARY, LTD. LOBBYING & CAMPAIGN EXPENDITURES, FOUGHT RR & TIMBER INTERESTS, GRADUATED INCOME TAX • USE OF ‘EXPERTS’ FROM UNIV. WISC. MADISON • PEOPLE WILL ALWAYS DO THE RIGHT THING IF PROPERLY INFORMED • OTHER STATES FOLLOWED STATE LEVEL POLITICS

  7. URBAN PROBLEMS ADDRESSED LONG BEFORE PROGRESSIVES • IMPACT MINIMAL UNTIL 1900 • 1905 LOCHNER V. NY – SUPREME COURT DECLARES NY 10 HOUR LAW UNCONSTITUTIONAL • 1908 MUELLER V. OREGON – S.C. UPHOLDS 10 HOUR DAY FOR WOMEN LAUNDRESSES – USE OF BRANDEIS BRIEF • 1911 TRIANGLE SHIRTWAIST FIRE • ACCIDENT INSURANCE, BLDG. CODES • CHILD LABOR LAWS • WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE – 17 STATES EQUAL SUFFRAGE 1918 SOCIAL LEGISLATION ON THE STATE LEVEL

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