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Bits and Bytes

Bits and Bytes. WeeSan Lee weesan@cs.ucr.edu. Roadmap. Basic Terminology Computer Components Operating Systems Conclusion References. 8. 8. 4. 4. 2. 2. 1. 1. Basic Terminology. Bits The smallest unit of information in a computer 0 or 1 Bytes 8 bits

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Bits and Bytes

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  1. Bits and Bytes WeeSan Lee weesan@cs.ucr.edu

  2. Roadmap • Basic Terminology • Computer Components • Operating Systems • Conclusion • References

  3. 8 8 4 4 2 2 1 1 Basic Terminology • Bits • The smallest unit of information in a computer • 0 or 1 • Bytes • 8 bits • Eg. 0100 10102 = 4A16 = 74 = ‘J’ 0100 1010 = 4A A 4

  4. Basic Terminology (cont) • KB • Kilo Bytes • Eg. 1 KB = 1,024 Bytes ≈ 1,000 Bytes • MB • Mega Bytes • Eg. 1 MB = 1,048,576 ≈ 1,000,000 Bytes • GB • Giga Bytes • Eg. 1 GB = 1,073,741,824 ≈ 1,000,000,000 Bytes • TB • Tera Bytes • Eg. 1 TB = 1000 GB

  5. Computer Floppy Drive Optical Drive Hard Drive http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Stripped-computer-case.JPG http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_supply_unit

  6. Computer (cont) • PSU (Power Supply Unit) • Power up the computer • HDD (Hard Disk Drive) • A mass-storage for the computer • Size: 3.5” for desktop, 2.5” for laptop • Speed: 5400/7200 RPM • Type: ATA100/133 vs. SATA • Capacity: 8/17/32/60/80/120/160/250/500GB • 500GB = ½TB

  7. Computer (cont) • FDD (Floppy Disk Drive) • Format: 5¼ ” or 3.5” • Capacity: 1.2M or 1.4M • Optical Drive • CDROM/CD-RW for CD • DVDROM/DVD-RW for DVD

  8. Computer (cont) • Motherboard (MOBO) • Primary circuit board of the computer • Form factor: ATX/MicroATX/SFF • Newest form factor: HumpATX? • http://www.cs.ucr.edu/~weesan/hacks/hump_atx.html

  9. Computer (cont) Floppy Disk Controller IDE Controller SATA Controller Power Connector CPU socket Back plane I/O

  10. Computer (cont) • CPU (Central Processing Unit or processor) • The brain of the computer • Performs computation, data processing, etc http://www.intel.com/products/i/products/pentium4.jpg http://www.global-b2b-network.com/direct/dbimage/50086366/CPU_Cooler.jpg

  11. Computer (cont) • Brand • Intel • 286/386/486, Pentium III/4, Xeon, Dual-Core, Core 2 Solo/Duo • AMD • K6/2, K7, Sempron, Athlon, Opteron • Clock speed • 66/100/200/300/450/600/800MHz • 1.2/1.4/1.6/1.83/2.0/3.0/3.2GHz • Overclocking • Forces a CPU to run faster than it was designed for

  12. Computer (cont) • RAM (Random Access Memory) • A place that a program and data are kept so that they are accessible by the CPU • Types: SDRAM/DDR/DDR2/SO-DIMM • Name • DDR-200/266/333/400 • DDR2-400/533/667/800 • Capacity • 32/64/128/256/512MB • 1/2/4GB

  13. Computer (cont) • Expansion slots • A place that expansion cards can be inserted to increase the functionality of the computer • Eg. Modem card, audio card, video card, Ethernet card, etc. • Type • ISA • PCI • AGP • PCI Express

  14. Computer (cont) • Back panel I/O Ethernet Port Firewire Port Mouse Printer Port Audio ports VGA port USB port Keyboard Serial Port

  15. Operating Systems • The software between the HW and apps • Eg. • Windows 95/98/2000/NT/ME/XP/Vista • Mac OS X (10.3/10.4) • Linux Distribution: Slackware/Redhat/Suse/Debian/Ubuntu/CentOS

  16. Conclusion • Bits & Bytes • Computer • PSU • MOBO • CPU • RAM • HDD/FDD/Optical Drive

  17. References • Internet Effectively (Ch 1-2) • http://computer.howstuffworks.com/pc.htm • ~ 3 mins of video • Motherboard • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:ASRock_K7VT4A_Pro_Mainboard_Labeled_English.png

  18. Homework • Read RFC2555 • ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc2555.txt • List all the names of the people appeared in the RFC • Submit the list via Moodle by next Wed (Oct 3) @ 23:55pm

  19. Lab 1 • Get your CS username and password • Get familiar with Moodle • Update your profile • Post a message to the forum • Submit HW1 • Create a screendump • Form a team • 4-5 members • Pick a cool team name • Pick a team leader • Post your team info. to the “Form a Team” forum

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