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Wind Pressure Research on Low Buildings

Wind Pressure Research on Low Buildings. Peter J. Vickery Applied Research Associates, Inc. 8537 Six Forks Road, Suite 600 Raleigh, NC, 27615. Wind Tunnel Tests. Pressure Tests. Effect of Roof Slope - Gable. Effect of Roof Slope - Gable. Gable End. Gable Ridge. 4:12 Code Comparisons.

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Wind Pressure Research on Low Buildings

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  1. Wind Pressure Researchon Low Buildings Peter J. Vickery Applied Research Associates, Inc. 8537 Six Forks Road, Suite 600 Raleigh, NC, 27615

  2. Wind Tunnel Tests

  3. Pressure Tests

  4. Effect of Roof Slope - Gable

  5. Effect of Roof Slope - Gable

  6. Gable End Gable Ridge 4:12 Code Comparisons

  7. Gable Ridge Gable Eave 4:12 Code Comparisons

  8. Gable End Gable Ridge 7:12 Code Comparisons

  9. Gable End Gable Ridge 7:12 Possible Solution

  10. Gable Ridge Gable Eave 7:12 Code Comparisons

  11. Gable End Gable Ridge 9:12 Code Comparisons

  12. Gable Ridge Gable Eave 9:12 Code Comparisons

  13. Gable End Gable Ridge 12:12 Code Comparisons

  14. Gable Ridge Gable Eave 12:12 Code Comparisons

  15. Gable Roof Zone 1

  16. 7:12 Hip ASCE 7-05 Gable/Hip Roofs 10°<Slope≤30° Assumes Designer uses ASCE 7-05 Gable Roof Coefficients for 30°< Slope ≤ 45°

  17. 9:12 Hip ASCE 7-05 Gable/Hip Roofs 10°<Slope≤30° Assumes Designer uses ASCE 7-05 Gable Roof Coefficients for 30°< Slope ≤ 45°

  18. 12:12 Hip ASCE 7-05 Gable/Hip Roofs 10°<Slope≤30° Assumes Designer uses ASCE 7-05 Gable Roof Coefficients for 30°< Slope ≤ 45°

  19. Interference Effects • Exposure 4 • Exposure 3 • Exposure 5 • Exposure 6

  20. Hip 5:12 Exposure 6 vs. Sub-Urban

  21. Hip 5:12 Exposure 5 vs. Sub-Urban

  22. Hip 5:12 Exposure 4 vs. Sub-Urban

  23. Hip 5:12 Exposure 3 vs. Sub-Urban

  24. Hip 6:12 Exposure 6 vs. Sub-Urban

  25. Hip 6:12 Exposure 5 vs. Sub-Urban

  26. Hip 6:12 Exposure 4 vs. Sub-Urban

  27. Hip 6:12 Exposure 3 vs. Sub-Urban

  28. Gable 5:12 Exposure 6 vs. Suburban

  29. Gable 5:12 Exposure 5 vs. Suburban

  30. Gable 5:12 Exposure 4 vs. Suburban

  31. Gable 5:12 Exposure 3 vs. Suburban

  32. Gable 6:12 Exposure 6 vs. Suburban

  33. Gable 6:12 Exposure 5 vs. Suburban

  34. Gable 6:12 Exposure 4 vs. Suburban

  35. Gable 6:12 Exposure 3 vs. Suburban

  36. Gable 5:12 GCp (Wind Direction 40) Sub-Urban Exposure-6 Exposure-5 Exposure-4 Exposure-3

  37. Gable 6:12 GCp (Wind Direction 40) Sub-Urban Exposure-6 Exposure-5 Exposure-4 Exposure-3

  38. Summary • Papers describing results are still in preparation. • Results show for gable roofs ASCE 7 coefficients for roofs are too low (not new). • Use of gable loads for hip roofs with slopes > 30° will underestimate loads. • Simple improvement could be to use the Gable/Hip 10° < θ≤ 30° for all hip roofs

  39. Summary • Resistance to increase loads in ASCE 7 (even though data shows code loads are too high) is because of shielding • Work by Ho (1993) showed that neighboring buildings decrease wind loads by ~25% • New work shown here (based on the new 5:12 and 6:12 experiments) shows similar reductions EXCEPT near the high section gable ridge areas. • Perhaps could use this finding to force use of Exposure C for all roof C&C loads

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