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Heavy metal pollution assessment within EMEP

Heavy metal pollution assessment within EMEP. Oleg Travnikov , Ilia Ilyin, Olga Rozovskaya (MSC-E) Wenche Aas, Katrine Aspmo Pfaffhuber (CCC). Outline. Reports of MSC-E and CCC. Detailed information: www.msceast.org www.nilu.no/projects/ccc /. EMEP reporting 2018 on heavy metals.

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Heavy metal pollution assessment within EMEP

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  1. Heavy metal pollution assessment within EMEP Oleg Travnikov, Ilia Ilyin, Olga Rozovskaya (MSC-E) Wenche Aas, Katrine Aspmo Pfaffhuber (CCC)

  2. Outline Reports of MSC-E and CCC Detailed information: www.msceast.org www.nilu.no/projects/ccc/ • EMEP reporting 2018 on heavy metals • New challenges for monitoring of heavy metals • Status of operational model assessment • Cooperation with national experts • Country-scale pollution assessment (overview) • Evaluation of national emissions • City pollution assessment • Cooperation with international organizations • Contribution to Global Mercury Assessment 2018

  3. Monitoring of heavy metals (Cd) Do we need closer integration of various monitoring data for pollution assessment within EMEP and WGE? Germany Monitoring of heavy metals: New challenges New tasks of pollution assessment require additional data • Main task: • Background monitoring of HM transboundary pollution (EMEP network, 66 sites) • New tasks: • Pollution assessment with fine resolution (e.g. biomonitoring, ~4000 moss sites) • Assessment of city pollution (e.g. AirBase, ~500 sites)

  4. Model assessment of Pb deposition (2016) Hg deposition to different land cover types (inland waters) Operational model assessment Model assessment of heavy metal pollution on the new EMEP grid • Output information (on the web): • Pollution patterns in all EMEP countries • Evaluation vs. measurements • Transboundary transport • Ecosystem-specific deposition

  5. Co-operation with national experts Country-scale pollution assessment Overview of multiple case studies for the EMEP countries (2010-2018) Objective: Assessment of HM and POP pollution on a country scale involving national experts and variety of national data Countries involved: Czech Republic, Croatia, Netherlands, Belarus, UK, Poland, Spain, France, Germany • Main outcomes: • Refined information on pollution patterns • Detailed source apportionment • Evaluation of national emissions • Initial study of city pollution and urban increment of heavy metals in PM • Main outcomes: • Refined information on pollution patterns • Detailed source apportionment • Evaluation of national emissions • Initial study of city pollution and urban increment of heavy metals in PM Participating countries

  6. Co-operation with national experts 2.5 Cd emissions in Poland PL0505 2.0 0.9 3 1.5 Emission, tonnes/year 1.0 0.6 0.5 PL0505 Air concentration, ng/m 0.0 Jul Jun Oct Jan Apr Nov Mar May Aug Feb Dec Sep 0.3 Scenario 0.0 Jul Jan Mar Jun Apr Oct May Nov Aug Feb Dec Sep Measurements Modelling (original) Modelling (scenario) Residential combustion Other sectors Evaluation of national emissions Use of modelling and measurements for construction of emissions scenario Cd air concentration in Poland

  7. Co-operation with national experts Modelling results along with measurements can be used as an independent tool for evaluation of reported emissions Evaluation of national emissions Annual anthropogenic emissions of Cd in Poland in 2014 Original Scenario Total: 13.6 t/y Total: 17.2 t/y (26% increase) Discussed at TFEIP meeting, Sofia, Bulgaria, April 2018

  8. Cities of Poland involved in study Cd air concentrations averaged over all urban sites 1.5 Measurements 3 Model 1.0 Concentration in air, ng/m 0.5 0.0 Jul Oct Apr Jan Jun Feb Mar Aug Sep Nov Dec May City pollution assessment Model assessment of Cd pollution in cities of Poland • Assessment approach: • Model simulations with fine resolution (0.1°×0.1°) • Evaluation vs. measurements at urban background sites (AirBase) • Source apportionment of Cd concentrations in urban areas • Evaluation of the urban increment of city pollution

  9. Co-operation with national experts Relative contribution of city sources Cd air concentration in Polish cities 80 0.8 60 0.6 Emission sources in large industrial cities contribute more Cd to atmospheric aerosol than in smaller towns of the country Contribution of city sources, % Cd air concentrations, ng/m3 40 0.4 20 0.2 0 0 Lodz Lodz Krakow Krakow Lyublin Lyublin Bydgos Bydgos Poznan Szeczin Poznan Szeczin Gdansk Gdansk Warsaw Wroclav Warsaw Wroclav Katowice Katowice Bialostok Bialostok - Cd (GLEMOS) - city sources - PM2.5 (SHERPA) - external sources City pollution assessment Evaluation of contribution of city sources to Cd concentration in PM

  10. Co-operation with international organizations Hg wet deposition, 2015 (model ensemble) Evaluation against observations 40 Environment Canada 10 Model, g/km2/y 1 1 10 40 Observed, g/km2/y Multi-model assessment of Hg pollution Co-operation with UN Environment and AMAP for Global Mercury Assessment 2018 Modelling groups: * MSC-E contribution to GMA 2018 was funded by UN Environment/AMAP

  11. Co-operation with international organizations Hg deposition (2015) International cooperation improves pollution assessment within EMEP by possibility to refine the modelling tools and involve variety of input data g/km2/y Hg anthropogenic deposition to Europe 12 10 8 Other 11% g/km2/y 6 Southeast Asia 4% 4 4 2 3 Europe 48% South Asia 5% 0 2 1 CIS 6% Source regions 0 Africa 8% Arctic Middle East Europe Africa East Asia 18% CIS countries South Asia North America East Asia Central America Southeast Asia South America Australia and NZ Antarctica Other regions Multi-model assessment of Hg pollution Co-operation with UN Environment and AMAP for Global Mercury Assessment 2018 Main results: • Global pattern of Hg pollution levels based on updated emission inventory • Estimates of Hg intercontinental transport • Assessment of Hg atmospheric loads to aquatic regions • Evaluation of Hg deposition from different emissionsectors

  12. Workplan elements for 2019(science part, according to bi-annual workplan 2018-2019) • Country-scale assessment of HM pollution (Germany) • Collection of country-specific information (emission, meteorological and geophysical data) for 2016 • National scale simulations of Hg, Pb and Cd concentration and deposition maps with fine resolution (0.1°×0.1°) for 2016 • Detailed evaluation of modeling results for Hg, Pb and Cd vs. observations and analysis of discrepancies • Evaluation of multi-compartment intercontinental transport of Hg • Development of multi-compartment modelling approach for Hg • Evaluation of secondary emissions of Hg and their contribution to pollution of the EMEP countries

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