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China: Reform and Reaction

China: Reform and Reaction. By: Kelsey Scott, Leticia Peralta-White, & Angela Young-Petrillo. Zhou Enlai. Born March 5, 1898 Born into a gentry family Received school in Fegtian Affable Pragmatic Persuasive Died January 8, 1976. Zhou Enlai.

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China: Reform and Reaction

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  1. China: Reform and Reaction By: Kelsey Scott, Leticia Peralta-White, & Angela Young-Petrillo

  2. Zhou Enlai • Born March 5, 1898 • Born into a gentry family • Received school in Fegtian • Affable • Pragmatic • Persuasive • Died January 8, 1976 Zhou Enlai "Zhou Enlai." World History: The Modern Era. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 19 Apr. 2010. <http://www.worldhistory.abc-clio.com>. "Zhou Enlai." Daily Life Online. N.p., 2009. Web. 19 Apr. 2010.      <http://dailylife.greenwood.com/      dle.aspx?k=4&x=GR2170&bc=DBWC3333&p=GR2170-4959&tab=f&id=0&u=#hit>.

  3. Zhou Enlai Achievements • Was a communist leader • Foreign minister of the People’s Republic of China • Played a major role in the Chinese Revolution • Conducted China’s foreign relations. Zhou Enlai." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2010. Web. 19  Apr.  2010  <http://search.eb.com/eb/article-9078360>. "Zhou Enlai." Daily Life Online. N.p., 2009. Web. 19 Apr. 2010. <http://dailylife.greenwood.com/      dle.aspx?k=4&x=GR2170&bc=DBWC3333&p=GR2170-4959&tab=f&id=0&u=#hit>.

  4. Death of Mao Zedong Mao Zedong Died September 9, 1976 Brought an end to the Cultural Revoulution Mao’s legacy persisted "Mao Zedong." Daily Life Online. N.p., 2009. Web. 19 Apr. 2010. <http://dailylife.greenwood.com/      dle.aspx?k=4&x=GR2170&bc=DBWC3333&p=GR2170-2623&tab=f&id=0&u=#hit>.

  5. Communist Take Over of Tibet • Wanted to liberate Tibet from imperialism • Strategic position • Invaded Chamdo on October 7, 1950 • Majorly defeated Tibetan forces. • Appointed 14th Dalai Lama as the head of the state • Tibet Appealed to UN for assistance. "Tibet Annexation." World History: The Modern Era. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 20 Apr. 2010. <http://www.worldhistory.abc-clio.com>.

  6. Dalai Lama’s Exile • Was going to see a dance group without his bodyguards. • Rumors about him being kidnapped • People gathered to protect him • Tibetan government officials declared independence from China. • Escaped as a soldier • Sent into exile in 1959 "Tibet Annexation." World History: The Modern Era. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 20 Apr. 2010. <http://www.worldhistory.abc-clio.com>. 14th Dalai Lama

  7. The Free Tibet Movement • China was “invited” to invade Tibet • Dalai Lama signed the Sino-Tibetan Agreement for the Peaceful Liberation of Tibet with China. • Tibet was a “national autonomous region” • One of the world’s leading human rights cause Raichelle, Allen. "Tibet: Occupation and Uprising." World History: The Modern Era. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 11 May 2010. <http://www.worldhistory.abc-clio.com>.

  8. Deng Xiaoping Succeeds Mao • Why Deng? • Same military background • Influenced & supported by Mao • Mao purges Deng; gains trust • Four Modernizations • Agriculture • Communes eliminated • Food production increase 50% • Industry • Private businesses • Four special zones • 1985 – better relationship with neighboring countries • Technology • Open to foreign & investments Deng Xiaoping Deng Xiaoping. Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Web. 19 Apr. 2010 <http://search.eb.com/eb/art-125008>. Luo, Jing. "China: Four Cardinal Principles, Implementation of." China Today: An Encyclopedia of Life in the People's Republic [Two Volumes]. Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood Press, 2005. Daily Life Online. ABC-CLIO. 19 Apr 2010. <http://dailylife.greenwood.com/dle.aspx?k=4&x=GR2170&=p=GR2170-1541&bc=>. Luo, Jing. "China: Introduction." China Today: An Encyclopedia of Life in the People's Republic [Two Volumes]. Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood Press, 2005. Daily Life Online. ABC-CLIO. 19 Apr 2010. <http://dailylife.greenwood.com/dle.aspx?k=4&x=GR2170&=p=GR2170-29&bc=>. Beck, Roger B., Linda Black, Larry S. Krieger, Phillip C. Naylor, and Dahia Ibo. Shabaka. "China: Reform and Reaction." Modern world history patterns of interaction. Evanston, IL: McDougal Littell, 2006. 626-28.

  9. Reversing Mao’s Policies • Emphasizing Balance • Proposed Socialist/Capitalist systems • Waiting on Taiwan • Changed Main Focus • Marxism challenged • Socialist-Market Economy • CCP opened to Entrepreneurs “Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping, right, U.S. president Jimmy Carter, left, U.S. president Richard Nixon, January 1979, after reestablishment of full diplomatic relations between China and the United States.” Luo, Jing. "China: Four Cardinal Principles, Implementation of." China Today: An Encyclopedia of Life in the People's Republic [Two Volumes]. Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood Press, 2005. Daily Life Online. ABC-CLIO. 19 Apr 2010. <http://dailylife.greenwood.com/dle.aspx?k=4&x=GR2170&=p=GR2170-1541&bc=>. Deng Xiaoping: Deng Xiaoping, Carter and Nixon. Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Web. 23 May 2010  <http://search.eb.com/eb/art-125007>. Beck, Roger B., Linda Black, Larry S. Krieger, Phillip C. Naylor, and Dahia Ibo. Shabaka. "China: Reform and Reaction." Modern world history patterns of interaction. Evanston, IL: McDougal Littell, 2006. 626-28.

  10. Positive Economic Effects 1978-2002 • Household Incomes Increase • 473%; 361% = Affluence • China World Trade Economy (WTO) • Integrated 2001 • 2002 – Foreign Direct Investment • $52.7 billion • Succeeds US • Largest in the World Luo, Jing. "China: Four Cardinal Principles, Implementation of." China Today: An Encyclopedia of Life in the People's Republic [Two Volumes]. Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood Press, 2005. Daily Life Online. ABC-CLIO. 19 Apr 2010. <http://dailylife.greenwood.com/dle.aspx?k=4&x=GR2170&=p=GR2170-1541&bc=>. China. Flag. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Web. 23 May 2010  <http://search.eb.com/eb/art-66811>.

  11. Tiananmen Square • Problems with Deng’s Economic Reforms • Gap between rich and poor • Students study outside of Country • Western Political Ideas • Citizens gain prosperity • Price inflation & Corrupt Gov’t. • Hu Yaobang (CCP general ’80) forced to resign • Dies Apr. 22, 1989 = Tiananmen Square • Protests: Shanghai, Nanjing, Chengdu, Xi’an, Changsha • Debate with gov’t & Party Officials • Moderates = negotiation • Deng orders Martial Law Goddess of Democracy Tiananmen Square. Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Web. 19 Apr. 2010 <http://search.eb.com/eb/art-84955> Jiang Zemin." Britannica Book of the Year, 1999. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2010. Web. 19 Apr. 2010 <http://search.eb.com/eb/article-9123734>. Beck, Roger B., Linda Black, Larry S. Krieger, Phillip C. Naylor, and Dahia Ibo. Shabaka. "China: Reform and Reaction." Modern world history patterns of interaction. Evanston, IL: McDougal Littell, 2006. 627-28. Tiananmen Square incident: demonstrators gathered around the “Goddess of Democracy” statue in Tiananmen Square, Beijing, in late May 1989. Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Web. 19 Apr. 2010 <http://search.eb.com/eb/art-126248>.

  12. End of Protest • Troops blocked by citizens • Centered Goddess of Democracy • June 3-4: Heavily armed troops • Zhu Ronji negotiates • June 5th – military control • Except lone protestor Man stands in protest. "Tiananmen Square incident." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2010. Web. 20 May 2010  <http://search.eb.com/eb/article-282100>. Jiang Zemin." Britannica Book of the Year, 1999. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2010. Web. 19 Apr. 2010 <http://search.eb.com/eb/article-9123734>. "Jiang Zemin." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2010. Web. 19 Apr. 2010 <http://search.eb.com/eb/article-9043622>.

  13. Jiang Zemin • No Military experience • 3 Rep. Theory • 1990: US pressures China into Political Freedom • Jiang & Zhu visit US • US-China summit • June 27, 1008 Jiang meets Clinton • Broadcasts debate on Human Rights • Retirement in 2002 • Hu Jintao succeeds • Supports move to Market economy. Jiang Zemin "Jiang Zemin." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2010. Web. 19 Apr. 2010 <http://search.eb.com/eb/article-9043622>. Jiang Zemin." Britannica Book of the Year, 1999. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2010. Web. 19 Apr. 2010 <http://search.eb.com/eb/article-9123734>. Jiang Zemin. Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Web. 19 Apr. 2010 <http://search.eb.com/eb/art-115017>. Beck, Roger B., Linda Black, Larry S. Krieger, Phillip C. Naylor, and Dahia Ibo. Shabaka. "China: Reform and Reaction." Modern World History Patterns of Interaction. Evanston, IL: McDougal Littell, 2006. 626-28. Print.

  14. Transfer of Hong Kong 150 years of British control 1997- sovereignty  1984- Sino-British Joint declaration Retain political, Judicial, & economic systems for 50 years "China." U.S. Department of State. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 May 2010.      <http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/18902.htm>. "China." Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 May      2010. <http://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/      ch.html#top>.

  15. Chinese Economic Growth in the 21st Century One of the leaders in exports for manufactured goods 4th highest oil importer (global) Major player in world trade Largest work force "China." U.S. Department of State. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 May 2010.      <http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/18902.htm>. "China." Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 May      2010. <http://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/      ch.html#top>.

  16. Current government Communist party-led state Hu Jintao Vice-president: XI Jinping  Prime minister: Wen Jiabao  Foreign minister: Yang Jiechi  National People's Congress chairman: Wu Bangguo  Not  tolitarian but controls all media access "China." U.S. Department of State. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 May 2010.      <http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/18902.htm>. "China." Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 May      2010. <http://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/      ch.html#top>.

  17. Problems facing the People’s republic of China Overpopulation Pollution Views on communism Views on censorship industrialization "China." U.S. Department of State. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 May 2010.      <http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/18902.htm>. "China." Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 May      2010. <http://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/      ch.html#top>.

  18. Conditions in the People’s Republic of China Suffrage= 18 years 90.9% literacy Highest population: 1,338,612,968 Internet and phone Life expectancy- 73 years "China." U.S. Department of State. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 May 2010.      <http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/18902.htm>. "China." Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 May      2010. <http://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/      ch.html#top>.

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