water

1. WATER water By: Alana , Angelica , Michael , Sam K,

2. Definitions • “Blue Planet”: A Term used to represent the fact that the world is covered mostly by water  • Runoff: Water that runs off the land through rivers and lakes into oceans. • Wetlands: swamps, marsh, and bog; places where the water table is at ground level • Treated water: filter and add chemicals to puritfy • Toxic Chemicals: chemicals that are harmful to humans or to the environment • Watershed an area of high land that separates one drainage basin from another

3. Definitions • Hydrologic cycle: A pathway followed by water from oceans and lakes through the atmosphere and then back to the land and waterways. • Drainage basins: An area drained by a river and its tributaries. One drainage basin is separated from another by an area of higher land called water shed. The five drainage basins are the Pacific, Arctic, Hudson Bay, Atlantic, and the Gulf of Mexico. • Groundwater: Water found below Earth’s surface in the spaces in soil and bedrock. Figure 36-6 : For about a quarter of Canadians, through, water for drinking, washing, farming, and manufacturing comes from ground water.

4. How Much Water Our Group Uses Water Bottle = 500ml x17 = 8500ml Toilet = 7570 ml x19 = 143830ml Showers = 75708ml x3 = 227124ml Sinks = 4921ml x27 = 132867ml Clothes Washed = 70000ml x2 = 140000ml Our group uses in total 523321ml = 523L

5. Water Pollution In Our Great Lakes • The great lakes get a ton of pollution, mostly because there the closest water to many states and provinces. There are many ways this happens… • Plastics and other pollution are placed into the water by humans • Farmers and factories put pesticides and herbicides onto land near the water, let it go into the water • Sewage and other liquid material are put into the lakes, and up to 20% of it doesn’t get cleaned • This affects not only the water, but it also goes up the food chain, contaminating almost everything

6. Case Study: Water Diversions • Water isn’t plentiful everywhere, thusly; we need to bring water from places with a surplus of it to those places that don’t have so much. Now although small trips are made, and they work, the bigger ones are the ones that have issues. The Problems are… • High Cost • Negative impacts on aboriginals • High loss of control of this vital resource • The United states relies on us for this water. So we needed to find a way to move it. The only “solution” they have come up with is to sell the water to the U.S. The Upsides are… • More Jobs • Good Profit • What do you think? Any suggestions that would help?

7. Future Canadian Needs • Canadians have more available water then they need. • It has been estimated that in the next few years the current use of about 130 billion of water will be used in a day. • Soon water will become even more precious if this estimate is true. • Some things we can do help our water sources is stop polluting our lakes and rivers, protect our wetlands, conserve and mange water in a sustainable manner This picture shows and example of water pollution in Canada

8. Water issues that affect Canada today • A water issue that affects Canada the most is pollution. There are 3 main types of pollution which are physical, biological, and chemical. Examples of these pollution types are garbage, paper litter, cans, bottles ect, bacteria, viruses, pesticides and herbicides.

9. Sewage of cities and towns is said to be the largest source of the problem. Usually the sewage of cities and towns are treated but occasionally not all sewage is treated perfectly. Approximately 20% of Canadian cities put their raw sewage into lakes without treatment. ((Clark. W , Making Connections Canada’s Geography) The most dangerous form of water pollution results from chemicals released into our lakes and rivers. These colorless, odorless, and tasteless chemicals are said to be the most deadly. Unfortunately, some of these contaminated waters can be our drinking water. Some industries have dumped toxic chemicals into our water supplies for years now creating over 360 toxic chemicals in our waters. Now our problem is that we are unsure of how to get the toxic chemicals and wastes out of our waters and how we can stop them from getting into our waters. This picture shows sewage in Ottawa

10. Water Experiment • MIXING OIL AND WATER: • What you'll need: • Small soft drink bottle • Water • Food colouring • 2 tablespoons of cooking oil • Dish washing liquid or detergent • Instructions: • Add a few drops of food colouring to the water. • Pour about 2 tablespoons of the coloured water along with the 2 tablespoons of cooking oil into the small soft drink bottle. • Screw the lid on tight and shake the bottle as hard as you can. • Put the bottle back down and have a look, it may have seemed as though the liquids were mixing together but the oil will float back to the top. • What's happening? • While water often mixes with other liquids to form solutions, oil and water does not. Water molecules are strongly attracted to each other, this is the same for oil, because they are more attracted to their own molecules they just don't mix together. They separate and the oil floats above the water because it has a lower density. If you really think oil and water belong together then try adding some dish washing liquid or detergent. Detergent is attracted to both water and oil helping them all join together and form something called an emulsion. • . N.p.. Web. 9 May 2013. <http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/experiments/oilandwater.html>.