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Sustainable Forest Policies/Programs

Sustainable Forest Policies/Programs. Bill Rockwell of The Plum Line MSU - Forestry 466 - Leefers Natural Resource Planning & Policy April 9, 2001. Public Forestry Goals. Strategic Materials Economic Stability Public-Goods Provision Social Equity. Market Failure. Monopoly Social Bias

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Sustainable Forest Policies/Programs

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  1. Sustainable Forest Policies/Programs Bill Rockwell of The Plum Line MSU - Forestry 466 - Leefers Natural Resource Planning &Policy April 9, 2001 Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  2. Public Forestry Goals • Strategic Materials • Economic Stability • Public-Goods Provision • Social Equity Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  3. Market Failure • Monopoly • Social Bias • Externalities Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  4. Public Methods • Direct Production • Subsidy • Technical Assistance • Regulation Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  5. Public Production • National Forests • (etc) Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  6. National Forest Management • RPA/MFMA Plans (1980s) • New Perspectives (1990) • Ecosystem Management • Clinton Era Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  7. Regulation • Clean Water Act - BMPs • Chemicals (FIFRA, etc.) • Endangered Species Act(s) • State Forest Practice Acts Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  8. State Forest Practice Acts • Regeneration • State Water Laws • State ESAs • Clearcutting Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  9. Government Failure • Political Influence • Special Interests • Corruption • Monopoly • Inefficiency Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  10. Private Methods • Direct Production / • Competition • Collusion • Cooperation Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  11. Private Methods • Direct Production / • Competition • Collusion • Cooperation Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  12. Private Cooperation • Voluntary Standards • Self-Regulation • Public Relations • Research / Development • Lobbying Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  13. Private Methods • Direct Production / • Competition • Collusion • Cooperation Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  14. Certification Systems • Forest Stewardship Council • ISO • Canadian Standards Assn • Sustainable Forestry Initiative • Tree Farm System • Green Tag Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  15. Historical Developments • International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) proposal (mid-1980s) • Failure of tropical log import bans in Europe spurs alternative measures (mid-to-late 1980s) • FSC support by European buyer’s groups (early 1990s)

  16. Historical Developments (cont.) • UN Conference on Environment & Development (Rio de Janeiro,1992) • International regional processes to address UNCED with “criteria & indicators” • Montreal Process • Helsinki Protocol • Tarapoto Process for the Amazon

  17. Historical Developments (cont.) • Forest industry initiatives (1990s) • AF&PA Sustainable Forestry Initiative • Finnish Forest Certification System • Imported Timber Group of New Zealand • Malaysian Timber Industry Board • PEFC (Pan-European Forest Certification) • Mutual Recognition

  18. Dimensions of Systems • Scale & scope of application • scale - size • scope - forest, all wood, marketing, add-ons • Performance or system standards (mix) • Mandatory or voluntary • First, second, or third party • Accreditation • Mutual Recognition

  19. Forest Stewardship Council • Basically performance standards • Product certification • Retail advantage • Chain of custody • Buyers groups • Critical mass Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  20. Forest Stewardship Council (2) • Two US Certifiers • SmartWood (.org) (Rainforest Alliance) • Scientific Certification Systems (.com) • Niche industry markets • Foundation $$$$ • Regional Standards • Members & WWF/World Bank

  21. System Comparative AnalysisForest Stewardship Council (FSC) • “well-managed” certification • not all of operation • wood only(+social & ILO? labor standards) • third-party only • attempts to control markets • “price premium” • certify foresters for small landowners • forest cooperatives

  22. ISO • ISO - international organization of national standard-setting bodies • “screw threads” • ISO 9000 - quality system standards • ISO 14000 - environmental quality system standards • No industry-specifics (except ISO14061) • Standard standards Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  23. ISO 14000 • International system • System standard (NO content component) • Basis for CSA and SFI • Usually matched with a content program • ISO 14001 - system specification • ISO 14010/11/12 - audit standards • Product labeling standards (etc)

  24. System Comparative AnalysisISO 14001 • system certification • “all controlled or influenced” • all of operation • basically second- or third-party • limited labeling • own policies • based on analysis

  25. Canadian Standards Assn • Canadian leadership • Forest industry, government, & CSA • ISO 14000 based • Provincial crown-land regulation • Very demanding • Z808 (guide) & Z809 (specification) Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  26. System Comparative AnalysisCanadian Standards Association • ISO-based for forest (see above) • some performance standards • big on public involvement • basically second- or third-party • very detailed

  27. Sustainable Forestry Initiative • Mandatory for AF&PA members • Licensees • Loosely ISO-14000 based • SFI 2000 - basic standard • SFI 2001 & 2002 - audit standards • SFI 2003 - Core/voluntary indicators • Expert Review Panel • Sustainable Forestry Board • Revision of Standards Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  28. System Comparative AnalysisSustainable Forestry Initiative • ISO-based for forest (see above) • some performance standards • own lands, purchased wood, research, public outreach, & state organization • first, second, or third-party • product label (nearly?) ready • no accreditation (yet?) • consensus standard in the future?

  29. Current Developments • FSC Regional Standards & Problems • “Home Depot”, etc. • Explosion of ISO, CSA, & SFI audits • SFI in Canada • multiple audits & multiple-systems audits • SFI & Tree Farm • Mutual Recognition • Government Role - e.g., FSC/Ontario Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  30. Base of Experience • CSA development - Michigan state forest • with FSC “pre-scoping” • ISO lead auditor training & planning • Six SFI audits • - one also FSC Certified • - one state forest • Four SFI system developments • Forest plan with integrated framework Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  31. Audience • Conscience • Friends • Owners/Investors • Neighbors • Regulators • YOUR Market • Trade Restrictors • Retailers • Consumers Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  32. Audience / Motivation • Conscience • Friends • Owners/Investors • Neighbors • Regulators • YOUR Market • Trade Restrictors • Retailers • Consumers • Quality • Social acceptance • Efficiency • Friendliness • Political acceptance • Customer needs • Discrimination • Simplicity • ???????? Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  33. Consumers(????????) • Varies by: • product • consumer • country Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  34. Consumers(????????) • Some want: • label • crediblity • cheap Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  35. Consumers(????????) • Translates: • any system • yet to be seen • efficiency • Some want: • label • crediblity • cheap Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  36. Retailers / Simplicity(explanations; inventory; volume) • Caught in the muddle • CSA, SFI - national; mutual recognition? • FSC - international; need chain-of-custody / inventory control • ISO - international, generally known; can be linked to other inputs • Volume - directly related to efficiency Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  37. Trade Restrictors / Discrimination (verifiability; product characteristics) • CSA, SFI - national (+/-); - mutual recognition? • FSC - parallel promotion systems; - product differentiation • ISO - international standard; - handle all concerns with one system Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  38. YOUR Market / Customer Needs(what market?; their needs) • CSA - ISO crosswalk • FSC - chain of custody • ISO - process/product integration • SFI - flexibility Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  39. Regulators / Political Acceptance(vs: regs for all; spec status for some) • Caught in the muddle • CSA - demanding (duplicate?) system • FSC - some ENGOs; certified foresters; regional performance standards (?) • ISO - pure & known; little fixed content • SFI - state implementation committtees; industry & Tree Farm support; research, education, & “hotlines” Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  40. Neighbors / Friendliness(address concerns; involve them) • CSA - thorough; much public involvement • FSC - some involvement of interest groups; appeal of certified foresters • ISO - can address any environmental concern • SFI - designed around most pressing concerns; supports research, education, & “hotlines”; & link to American Tree Farm System Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  41. Owners/Investors / Efficiency(lower costs; better markets;improve management; avoid hassles) • CSA - demanding system • FSC - management review; plantations; cost; grants; stable? • ISO - demanding; process improvements • SFI - flexible; whole wood system; - second-party certifications; - availability of third-party certifiers? Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  42. Friends / Social Acceptance(social conscience; leadership) • CSA - home-grown, demanding • FSC - very “green” & “social” • ISO - very technical; known • SFI - home-grown; supports research, education, & “hotlines” Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  43. Conscience / Quality(pride, philosophy, values) • CSA - very thorough system • FSC - extra-societal force • ISO - systems approach • SFI - industry responsibility; ISO conformance Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

  44. Know thyself. Bill Rockwell - The Plum Line

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