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Water Quality Monitoring of Cambrian-Ordovician Aquifer System in Midwest U.S.

This project aims to assess water quality in the Cambrian-Ordovician Aquifer System spanning Midwest U.S., analyzing factors affecting water quality and tracking changes over time. Detailed analysis includes major inorganics, nutrients, pesticides, and radioactive elements. Preliminary results in Iowa show high levels of iron and sulfate in some wells, along with Radon exceeding drinking water limits. Future plans include expanding sampling in Illinois and combining data for further insights.

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Water Quality Monitoring of Cambrian-Ordovician Aquifer System in Midwest U.S.

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  1. Minnesota Wisconsin Water Quality Monitoring of the Cambrian-Ordovician Aquifer System in Iowa and Illinois Iowa Illinois Indiana Missouri U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program

  2. NAWQA Cycle I LONG-TERM GOALS: • Describe current water-quality conditions for a large part of the Nation’s freshwater streams, rivers, and aquifers • Describe how water quality is changing over time • Improve understanding of the primary natural and human factors that affect water-quality conditions

  3. NAWQA Cycle I

  4. NAWQA Cycle II • Same long-term goals as Cycle I • Build upon initial assessments of water-quality conditions • Increase investigations of long-term trends and the factors that affect water quality

  5. NAWQA Cycle II

  6. NAWQA Ground Water Synthesis

  7. Cambrian-Ordovician Aquifer System • Covers approximately 177,000 square miles in the upper Midwest • Is comprised of multiple aquifer units interbedded with leaky confining units Minnesota Wisconsin Iowa Indiana Illinois Missouri

  8. Cambrian-Ordovician Aquifer System Bedrock geology - Iowa Cretaceous Jurassic Pennsylvanian Mississippian Devonian Silurian Ordovician Cambrian Precambrian

  9. Cambrian-Ordovician Aquifer System SITE SELECTION STRATEGY Iowa and Illinois

  10. Cambrian-Ordovician Aquifer System SITE SELECTION STRATEGY Iowa and Illinois

  11. Cambrian-Ordovician Aquifer System SITE SELECTION STRATEGY Iowa and Illinois

  12. Cambrian-Ordovician Aquifer System FINAL SAMPLING SITE LOCATIONS Iowa

  13. Cambrian-Ordovician Aquifer System CONSTITUENTS SAMPLED Iowa • Major inorganics • Bromide Manganese • Calcium Potassium • Chloride Silica • Fluoride Sodium • Iron Sulfate • Magnesium • Trace elements Aluminum Lithium Antimony Manganese Arsenic Molybdenum Barium Nickel Beryllium Selenium Boron Silver Cadmium Strontium Chromium Thallium Cobalt Uranium Copper Vanadium Lead Zinc • Nutrients • Nitrogen, ammonia • Nitrogen, nitrite • Nitrogen, nitrite + nitrate • Total nitrogen (NH3+NO2+NO3+organic) • Phosphorus, orthophosphate • Dissolved organic carbon • Pesticides • Volatile organic carbons • Radium isotopes • Ra-226 • Ra-228 • Radon • Tritium

  14. Cambrian-Ordovician Aquifer System PRELIMINARY RESULTS Iowa • Major inorganics • 70% (21 of 30) of wells sampled > 300 mg/L of iron (drinking water alert) • half of wells sampled > 250 mg/L of sulfate (drinking water alert) • Pesticides • rarely detected (5 pesticides detected at least once); measured concentrations low • Volatile organic carbons • rarely detected (5 VOCs detected at least once); measured concentrations low • Radon • values ranged from 40 – 460 pCi/L, with a median of 110 pCi/L • Radium isotopes • 5 of 30 wells exceeded the drinking water alert of 5 pCi/L for Ra-226

  15. Cambrian-Ordovician Aquifer System SUMMARY • 30 additional sites to be sampled in Illinois, 2009 • consistent sampling techniques and same analytical schedules • combine data sets for further analysis

  16. Acknowledegments: Field support : Jessica Garret, Iowa Water Science Center Brian Mailot, Ohio Water Science Center Eric Sadorf, North Carolina Water Science Center Erik Smith, Iowa Science Center Contact information: Kymm Barnes U.S. Geological Survey Iowa Water Science Center kkbarnes@usgs.gov

  17. The NAWQA Program: http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/

  18. The USGS: http://www.usgs.gov/

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