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Origins of Progressivism Notes

Origins of Progressivism Notes. Chapter 8 Section 1. New Reform Ideas. Two leading reformers 1879 Henry George Progress and Poverty stated speculation prevented productive use of land. “Single-tax” clubs – single tax on the value of land to discourage speculation

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Origins of Progressivism Notes

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  1. Origins of Progressivism Notes Chapter 8 Section 1

  2. New Reform Ideas • Two leading reformers • 1879 Henry George Progress and Poverty stated speculation prevented productive use of land. • “Single-tax” clubs – single tax on the value of land to discourage speculation • (Had a tax on improvements already) http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.henrygeorge.org/images/ bob1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.henrygeorge.org/chp1.htm&h=219&w=287&sz= 19&hl=en&start=1&tbnid=9l_6TawX3cjcM:&tbnh=88&tbnw=115&prev=/images %3Fq%3DHenry%2BGeorge%2BProgress%2Band%2BPoverty%26svnum%3 D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26rls%3DGGLD,GGLD:2005-11,GGLD:en

  3. http://www.wilsonsalmanac.com/images2/bellamy_e1.jpg • 1888 Edward Bellamy – • Looking Backward • A man undergoes hypnosis wakes up in year 2000. • The government had taken over largest companies. • The goal was meeting human needs not making profit.

  4. Socialists • socialism – an economic and political philosophy favoring public or government control of property and income • Many American socialists wanted to end capitalism, distribute wealth and nationalize industry • 1901 Socialist Party of America • 1912 1000 municipal or city government, offices

  5. The Labor Movement • If unions were successful despite discouragement, employers could count on courts to issue injunctions or court orders, prohibiting workers from going on strike http://www.npr.org/news/specials/democracy/money/bosses.html

  6. Municipal Reform • Civil service system based on merit instead of favors would keep appointees out of important jobs enforcing labor laws. • Worked for home-rule – system by which cities exercise a limited degree of self-rule • Allowed escape from domination of state government controlled by political machines.

  7. II. Muckrakers • TR’s name for Journalists that alerted public to wrongdoing in politics and business. • Based on character to busy raking filth on earth to lift eyes to heaven. • TR approved of legitimate exposure of wrongdoing. • Many respected writers: Lincoln Steffens, Ida Tarbell, Upton Sinclair

  8. (Systematic Manner for Change) • investigated issues – scientific data/expert testimony • publicized results • readers pressured legislators (women’s clubs and charitable groups key)

  9. The Goals of the Progressives • Many Americans were inspired to take action by joining reform organizations by Muckrakers. • All groups working to bring about “progress” in society therefore period referred to as the Progressive Era. • Most progressives did not support sweeping economic and political changes – feared violence of revolution – average wealth – didn’t want to lose high standard of living

  10. Free government of corruption so it could be more efficient in helping others. • Sister Carrie (1900) – novel by Theodore Dreiser’s – heroine goes unpunished for sins – too shocking – did not sell well – 1981 published in original form

  11. An Expanded Role for Government • Wanted government to develop more Social Welfare Programs – ensure a basic standard of living for all Americans • Expected government to rely on experts/scientists to plan efficient programs, which professionals, not politicians would manage • Unemployment, accident, health insurance, social security for disabled and elderly

  12. Women Work for Reforms • Chicago Hull House – worked with Jane Addams – Florence Kelley – 1893 law prohibiting child labor limiting working hours for women, regulating sweatshop conditions • Governor put Kelley in charge of enforcing. • Earned a law degree in order to take legal action herself. • 1897 replaced by new government = spoils system became involved in Municipal reform http://chswg.binghamton.edu/kelley.jpg

  13. Ask why animals are worthy of government protection “but not the children of our race and their mothers”. • Her legacy lasted long after her death in 1932. • Issues: workplace, temperance, right to vote

  14. Resistance to Progressive Reforms • Progressives thought government should have say in housing, health care, content of movies. • Child labor laws – employers and families who needed the income objected • Progressives were perceived as being insensitive to poor – the ones they sought to help

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