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World University Rankings

World University Rankings. Phil Baty Deputy Editor Times Higher Education magazine Abuja, Nigeria, 22 April, 2009. About Times Higher Education. The weekly magazine for all higher education professionals. About Times Higher Education.

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World University Rankings

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  1. World University Rankings Phil Baty Deputy Editor Times Higher Education magazine Abuja, Nigeria, 22 April, 2009

  2. About Times Higher Education The weekly magazine for all higher education professionals

  3. About Times Higher Education The weekly magazine for all higher education professionals • Founded in 1971 as a tabloid newspaper • Re-launched in January 2008 as a weekly magazine for all professionals in higher education • Published every Thursday • Part of TSL Education Limited, publisher of the Times Educational Supplement • The leading publication for UK and international recruitment advertising

  4. About www.timeshighereducation.co.uk The dedicated website for higher education news, jobs and resources

  5. About www.timeshighereducation.co.uk The dedicated website for higher education news, jobs and resources • Website launched in 1994 • All news, opinions, book reviews etc from weekly print section published on-line every Thursday • Now re-launched with dedicated daily higher education news and opinions section. Includes blog postings from around the world • All universities’ job vacancies advertised on line • More than 1 million page impressions a month, 400 monthly unique users • Website has international audience: 44 per cent UK; 18 per cent US; 3.4 per cent Australia. But only 0.15 per cent Nigeria. • www.timeshighereducation.co.uk

  6. About Times Higher Education-QS World University Rankings • Times Higher Education, with partners QS, launched a new ranking of world universities in 2004. • QS was founded in 1989 by Nunzio Quacquarelli during his MBA and began as an MBA career guide. Based in London, Paris and Singapore, QS now employs 100 staff, Promotes career/educational international mobility. • Annual rankings published every year since 2004 • 2009 Rankings to be published in Times Higher Education magazine, and on www.timeshighereducation.co.uk on 8 October, 2009

  7. Why world rankings? • Higher Education is a truly international sector • The UK government made a call for a ranking to ensure that the UK’s fast-expanding university system was competitive on the world stage • Universities becoming more global – in terms of student and staff recruitment, and research collaboration • 5 million students to be studying outside their home country by 2010. In China, for example, there were more than 140,000 foreign students in 2005, compared to 45,000 in 2009. • If we did not do it, someone else from outside the higher education sector would. And many are now doing so. • Increasing demand for international comparative information as global competition increases

  8. The THE-QS approach to World Rankings The four pillars

  9. How are the Rankings compiled? The six criteria • Academic Peer Review. • Employer Review • Citations per faculty member • International Students • International Faculty

  10. Academic peer review A global survey of academics, asking respondent to identify universities they consider excellent in their own broad filed of knowledge • Peer review is the centerpiece of the rankings. This measure accounts for 40 per cent of a university’s overall score. • It is our way of ensuring academic value is added • Academics have to enter our survey from an academic site (.ac.uk, .edu etc). • They are simply asked to name up to 30 institutions they regard as the best in the world in the field in which they work (arts and humanities, social sciences, science, biomedicine and technology. • Range from lecturers to university presidents • In 2008, 6,354 people gave views, nominating an average of 20 universities each, giving more than 120,000 data points. Questions on both inside and outside their own country – to avoid response bias by country.

  11. Academic peer review Who do we ask? • The opinions that make up the peer review score are taken from responses to a survey distributed worldwide: • To our previous respondents; • To subscribers to The World Scientific. www.worldscientific.com, from which 180,000 email addresses are drawn, and; • From the International Book Information Service, from Mardev. www.mardev.com • Also coming soon: A new academic sign-up facility, where people can volunteer to become peer-reviewers. They are not able to vote for their own institutions. See: www.topuniversities.com 2008 Top Responding Countries

  12. Academic peer review The top responding countries for 2008 2008 Top Responding Countries United States 638 United Kingdom 563 Australia 286 Italy 277 Canada 239 India 236 Indonesia 228 Philippines 201 Germany 182 Malaysia 180 Five subject areas: arts and humanities; engineering and IT; life sciences and biomedicine; natural sciences; and social sciences. For each subject area, a regional weighting is applied to ensure equal representation from our three “super regions”: America; Europe; and Middle East, Africa and Asia Pacific.

  13. Employer review A global survey of employers, with experience of recruiting from universities, asking where they like to recruit their graduates • This measure makes up 10 per cent of an institution’s overall score (added for the first time in the 2005 rankings) • Includes major global employers who recruit around the world – active recruiters. Sourced through QS network of contacts, QS database, and since 2007, employers nominated by the universities themselves • Asked simply which universities they like to recruit from • 2008 included the opinion of 2,339 recruiters in every field, from mining to media • Amalgamates up to three years of data • They are 43 per cent American, 32 per cent European and 25 per cent Asia pacific

  14. Employer review A global survey of employers, with experience of recruiting from universities, asking where they like to recruit their graduates Top Responding countries United States 346 United Kingdom 269 Australia 178 Mexico 75 Netherlands 75 Singapore 74 Russia 69 India 64 Argentina 60 Greece 59

  15. Citations per faculty member Using data provided by Scopus, this measure combines research productivity and quality, taking into account the scale of an institution • This measure makes up 20 per cent of an institution’s overall score • We measure the number of citations per published papers from a university, and divide it by the number of full-time equivalent staff it employs. • We do not measure citations per paper, because we want to show the density of “brainpower” on campus • Scopus data covers a five year period. Scopus owned by Elsevier. • There is a bias against non-English publication, against arts and humanities subjects.

  16. Staff-student ratio This indicator is designed to serve as a widely available proxy to judge an institution’s commitment to teaching. • This indicator is worth 20 per cent of an institution’s overall score • Data gathered by QS from a range of sources: UK Higher Education statistics Agency; US National Center for Education Statistics, and from universities directly • Controlled definition of staff member, always full-time equivalent

  17. International Students The proportion of a university’s international students is used to evaluate its approach to internationalisation and its commitment to international students. • This indicator makes up 5 per cent of an institution’s overall score. • We believe it gives an idea of how successful an institution is at attracting students from around the world.

  18. International Faculty Like the previous indicator, this assesses an institution’s commitment to globalisation • This indicator is worth 5 per cent of an institution’s overall score. • We believe it shows which universities are committed to attracting the best international academic talent, and which universities academics around the world want to be at.

  19. The criteria How the data are put together Citations Peer Review Int’l students Int’l staff Student-faculty ratio Recruiter review

  20. What we found in 2008 rankings • Harvard has been top every year since we started the rankings – A $35 billion endowment might have helped it get there. But this is now diminished. • The US and UK take up every one of the top 15 places • US has 58 in the top 200, the UK has 29. • There are 9 Australian universities in the top 200 and the Australian National University is the top institution outside the US and UK • Canada has 12 institutions in the top 200.

  21. What we found in the 2008 rankings • The top 200 in 2008 includes universities in 33 states up from 28 in 2007 • US, UK, Canada, Australia, Netherlands • Korea, China, Japan, Singapore • Thailand, Malaysia • Continental Europe • Developing world small but improving (1 in 2004, 2 in 2005, only UNAM in 2006, 3 in 2007, 5 in 2008) • Africa does not fare well. In 2008, only four institutions in South Africa, and one in Egypt, made it onto QS’s main international list.

  22. What we found in the 2008 rankings The developing world is rising up • South Africa’s only entry in the top 200 last year, Cape Town, rose from 200th in 2007 to 179th in 2008 • Brazil and Argentina have one entry in the top 200 each • Mexico’s National Autonomous University rose to 150th place last year. • Two entries from India in 2008: the Delhi and Bombay branches of the Indian Institute of Technology.

  23. What we found over time The progress of nations

  24. What can Nigerian universities do? Key issues for Nigeria • Provide information • Recruit from an international pool/retain your academics • Concentrate research effort • Invest

  25. What can Nigerian universities do? Provide the right information • Our partners in compiling the rankings, QS, want your data! • In 2008, 604 institutions were considered • Any university in the world can write to QS: intelligenceunit@qs.com • QS welcome information about any individual institution and their national higher education system. • Every university in the world is entitled to a free self-populated profile on the QS website, www.topuniversities.com, where QS publishes the Times Higher Education top 200 and a further 300 institutions ranked below the top 200. Just write and request a username and password.

  26. What can Nigerian Universities do? Provide the right information • Make sure you’re included in QS’s list • QS have a two-tier approach to its surveys. Both peers and employers are asked to first comment on international universities and then on domestic ones. • In this context QS can include any number of Nigerian universities in its surveys and, over a period of two to three years, begin to get a picture of which are considered the best in Nigeria. They can then be added to the main international list. • QS says: To develop a clearer picture on HEIs in any part of the world requires the proactive cooperation of universities from the region.

  27. What can Nigerian Universities do? Recruit from an international pool/retain your academics • “A paradox is that despite doubling and then trebling student numbers African higher education still has the lowest enrolments in the world – but sends the most students to the north,” • Goolam Mohamedbhai, secretary-general, Association of African Universities.

  28. What can Nigerian Universities do? Recruit from an international pool/retain your academics “It has been estimated that there are more African scientists and engineers working in the US than in the whole of Africa.” Johann Mouton, of South Africa’s Stellenbosct University

  29. What can Nigerian Universities do? Recruit from an international pool/retain your academics Times Higher Education magazine’s international academic recruitment advertising. Speak to Jane Johns, Classified Sales Manager: 020 3194 3346 Jane.Johns@tsleducation.com

  30. What can Nigerian Universities do? Recruit from an international pool/retain your academics

  31. What can Nigerian Universities do? A new focus on research

  32. What can Nigerian Universities do? Investment

  33. What can Nigerian Universities do? Investment “The UK, Australia, and New Zealand are all looking at expanding higher education, India is just about to go through a major phase of expansion and its all driven by a shared belief across almost all countries that higher education is vital for the prosperity and survival of economies and societies as we continue to move into a global information society.” John Tarrant, general secretary, Association of Commonwealth Universities

  34. Thank You. Phil Baty Deputy Editor Times Higher Education Phil.baty@tsleducation.com

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