Presentation to the National Spent Nuclear Fuel Program Dr Steven L Krahn, EM-21 April 2009

1. The EM Technology Development Program Presentation to the National Spent Nuclear Fuel Program Dr Steven L Krahn, EM-21 April 2009

2. Topics to be Covered • Some Relevant Background • The EM Technology Roadmap • Rating Criteria • Technology Development Activities in EM • Organizations Involved • Work Breakdown Structure and Organization • Goals • Process output • Prioritization Challenges

3. Some Relevant Background • In 2006, based on a request from Congress, the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) reviewed DOE’s plans for retrieval and disposal of High-Level tank wastes. • In part, the NAS concluded: “DOE should initiate a targeted, aggressive, collaborative research program to develop and deploy needed innovative technologies for tank waste retrieval, treatment, closure, and disposal.”

4. Some Relevant Background (cont) • For FY2007, Congress requested that DOE “prepare and EM technology roadmap that identifies technology gaps that exist in the current program” and a strategy that addressed them. • Working with DOE Field elements, national labs and the NAS, EM developed a draft Technology Roadmap in April 2007 and issued it for comment.

5. The EM Technology Roadmap • Issued in April 2008. • Identifies program risks in the areas of waste processing, ground water and soil remediation, D&D, Spent Nuclear Fuel & Challenging Materials. • The NAS stated general agreement & noted that the Roadmap “can be an important tool for guiding… investments in longer-term R&D to support efficient and safe cleanup.” • EM-21 implements the Roadmap via the Waste Processing Multi-Year Program Plan (EM-21 MYPP)

6. The EM Technology Roadmap • The EM MYPP: • Lays out the mission of EM’s Office of Engineering and Technology • Discusses details of strategic initiatives and lays out a program Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) • Describes outreach efforts • Other DOE Offices, (SC, NE) • Private Industry (Advanced Remediation Technologies) • Universities • Mechanisms - technical exchanges, EM International Program Nuclear Safety R&D • Goal: A Nuclear Waste Community of Practice • Program Management • WBS Tasks Complete library of tasks and funded work

7. Rating Criteria • Five benefit criteria • Impact to lifecycle schedule/cost • Programmatic and technical risk reduction • Environmental and safety risk • Feasibility • Multiple site/program application

8. Technology Development Activities in EM • Interface with DOE-SC: “Scientific Opportunities to Reduce Risk in Nuclear Process Science” • Laboratory Directed Research and Development • EM-20 personnel attend LDRD annual meetings to monitor activities undertaken at EM laboratories • Ensures activities are coordinated with EM-20 • EM-20 Provides Technology Development to Sites • EM-21 Waste Processing Initiative Development Teams • Formal task collection and prioritization process • Task areas map back to NAS recommendations and EM’s Technology Roadmap • EM Site Developmental Activities • Site needs for technology development typically focuses on technology readiness levels beyond the R&D stages of development

9. Organizations Involved • Initiative Development Teams (IDT) • DOE EM-21 • National Laboratory representatives – technical expertise • Directed Programs(Earmarks) – as appropriate • DOE EM Field Offices • Identification of risks and technology gaps • Consultation and feedback • Participation in prioritization effort • Contractor Personnel at key EM sites • Consultation and feedback • Participation in prioritization effort • Universities and “Directed” Programs

10. Legend: Personnel: Blue* – EM-20 Green – SRNL Red – INL Purple – PNNL Brown – ORNL Black – Other Affiliated Institutions Waste Processing Program Work Breakdown StructureInitiative Development Team Organization Waste Processing Programs (WBS 1.0) Steve Krahn (EM-21) Al Baione (EM-21) Lead – Jeff Griffin (SRNL) Deputy – Paul Bredt (PNNL) Jay Roach (INL) Ben Lewis (ORNL) Improved Waste Storage Technology (WBS 1.1) John Shultz*/Hoyt Johnson* (EM-21) Lead – Paul Bredt (PNNL) Bruce Wiersma (SRNL) Rick Demmer (INL) Rodney Hunt (ORNL) Charlie Waggoner (ICET/MSU) Laurie Judd (NuVision Engineering) Reliable and Efficient WasteRetrieval Technologies (WBS 1.2) Gary Smith*/Gary Peterson* (EM-21) Lead – Sharon Marra (SRNL) Mike Rinker (PNNL) Rick Demmer (INL) Mark Noakes (ORNL) Charlie Waggoner (ICET/MSU) Laurie Judd (NuVision Engineering) Enhanced Tank ClosureProcesses (WBS 1.3) Gary Peterson*/Steven Ross* (EM-21)Lead – Sharon Marra (SRNL) Mike Rinker (PNNL) Rick Demmer (INL) Mark Noakes (ORNL) Charlie Waggoner (ICET/MSU) Laurie Judd (NuVision Engineering) Next GenerationPretreatment Solutions (WBS 1.4) Nick Machara*/John Shultz* (EM-21) Lead – Bill Wilmarth (SRNL) Reid Peterson(PNNL) Dan McCabe (SRNL) Spent Nuclear Fuel (WBS 1.7) Al Baione*/Steve Wahnschaffe* (EM-21) Lead – Bill Hurt (INL) Brady Hansen (PNNL) Natraj Iyer (SRNL) Challenging Materials (WBS 1.6) Hoyt Johnson*/Monica Regalbuto* (EM-21) Lead – Jay Roach (INL) Alice Murray (SRNL) Jim Marra (SRNL) Dave Parks (INL) David Seaver (PNNL) Phil McGinnis (ORNL) Enhanced StabilizationTechnologies (WBS 1.5) Kurt Gerdes*/Nick Machara* (EM-21) Lead – John Vienna (PNNL) Dirk Gombert (INL) David Peeler (SRNL) Joe Westsik (PNNL) Innocent Joseph (VSL – Catholic U.)

11. Goals • Provide a portfolio of Waste Processing tasks that address key programmatic risks (safety & project) • Identify the portfolio of TDD needs and tasks that yields maximum overall benefit per dollar spent • Safety integrated into evaluation process • Increased common understanding on the projects across the complex • Documented in the Multi-Year Program Plan (MYPP) • Develop a structured, consistent and robust process for program management and decision making. • Within a single FY – i.e., change/configuration management • Out-year planning facilitation – can be updated year on year

12. 1.1 Improved Waste Storage Technology Rheological Modifiers and Wetting Agents Structural Integrity Analysis of Single Shelled Tanks Pipeline Plug Prevention Vapor Space Corrosion 1.2 Reliable & Efficient Waste Retrieval Technologies Retrieval Requirements/Knowledge Center Enhanced Chemical Cleaning 1.3 Enhanced Tank Closure Processes Strategy for handling of closure of ancillary systems Cementitious Barriers Partnership CRADA 1.4 Next-Generation Pretreatment Solutions Development of Rotary Microfilter for SRS/Hanford Deployment Improved Strontium and Actinide Separation Aluminum Solubility Advanced Mixing Models In-Riser Cs Ion Exchange System Wet Air Oxidation of T48 Waste containing Tetraphenylborate Continuous Sludge Leaching Near-Tank Ion Exchange 1.5 Enhanced Stabilization Technologies Crystal Tolerant Glass Formulations Develop HIP process for INL Calcine HLW and DOE Legacy Waste Cold Crucible Induction Melter High Waste Loading Glasses for DWPF using Existing Melter Technology Predictive Model for Glass Production or Melt Rate Secondary Waste Forms for Tc-99 and I-129 Develop Predictive Models for Hanford and SRS High Waste Loading Glasses Steam Reforming as an Alternative to Bulk Vitrification 1.6 Challenging Materials Los Alamos Support Funded Tasks by WBS

13. Potential Additional Tasks for FY09 by WBS • 1.1 Improved Waste Storage Technology • SLIM Cold Demonstration • Structural Integrity Analysis of Single Shell Tanks • 1.2 Reliable & Efficient Waste Retrieval Technologies • Heel Retrieval Technologies for Tanks with Significant Obstructions • Gas generation rates and speciation during chemical cleaning • 1.3 Enhanced Tank Closure Processes • Residual Waste Characterization Methods for Ancillary Systems • Improved Sampling Concepts for Tank Closure • 1.4 Next-Generation Pretreatment Solutions • Disposition of DWPF Recycle after SWPF Startup • Next Generation CSSX solvent • 1.5 Enhanced Stabilization Technologies • Develop data and models for slow cooled glass durability • Develop models for high sodium waste glasses • 1.6 Challenging Materials • Technical Support from INL and LANL • 1.7 Spent Nuclear Fuel • Advanced Neutron Absorber Mill Annealing • Advanced Neutron Absorber High Energy Density Welding • IDT Team will evaluate several factors to determine exact tasks to be funded • Process will include a review of current project performance and funding needs and balance against resource availability of performing organizations

14. Challenges • Striving for balance between strategic R&D and near-term tasks • Operating site needs and input – lean toward near-term work • EM-20 has key role in identifying and addressing long-term needs • NAS Concern • Shift focus from Task prioritization to “Need” prioritization • Will require revised analysis and site interface • Development/use of Communities of Practice (CoP) to help determine key technical needs and approaches • CoP developed and active in Glass/Immobilization area • New CoP in development for waste retrieval