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SOAP Protocol in Apache Axis2 | Primer & Characteristics

Learn about SOAP message structure, header blocks, fault notification, and more in Apache Axis2. Explore exercises to deepen your understanding and usage of SOAP.

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SOAP Protocol in Apache Axis2 | Primer & Characteristics

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  1. SOAP Primer Apache Axis2

  2. Agenda • What is SOAP? • Characteristics • SOAP message structure • Header blocks • Fault notification • Exercises

  3. What is SOAP? • Provides the definition of the XML-based information which can be used for exchanging structured and typed information between peers in a decentralized, distributed environment • Specification: http://www.w3.org/TR/soap/ Initial Sender Ultimate Receiver Intermediary

  4. Characteristics • A SOAP message is formally specified as an XML infoset • "on-the-wire" representation can be anything • SOAP describes a stateless, one-way message exchange mechanism between a SOAP sender and a SOAP receiver • But applications can create more complex interaction patterns on top of this one-way exchange mechanism • request/response • request/multiple responses • back-and-forth conversations

  5. SOAP Message Structure Envelope Header (Optional)‏ Header Block 1 Header Block 2 Body

  6. Example SOAP Message SOAP 1.2: http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="..."> <soapenv:Body> <ns1:c2f xmlns:ns1="http://mypkg"> <ns1:cTemp>100.0</ns1:cTemp> </ns1:c2f> </soapenv:Body> </soapenv:Envelope>

  7. Example SOAP Message 2 <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="..."> <soapenv:Header> <exh:client xmlns:exh="..." soapenv:mustUnderstand="true"> <exh:id>AS223@12</exh:id> </exh:client> </soapenv:Header> <soapenv:Body> <ns1:c2f xmlns:ns1="http://mypkg"> <ns1:cTemp>100.0</ns1:cTemp> </ns1:c2f> </soapenv:Body> </soapenv:Envelope>

  8. Header Blocks • Each header block may contain an optional “role” attribute • Any URI can be the value • Some predefined roles • Nexthttp://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope/role/next • Ultimate Receiverhttp://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope/role/ultimateReceiver • Nonehttp://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope/role/none • Empty (“”)‏

  9. Header Blocks (Cont.)‏ • A header block may contain “mustUnderstand” attribute • true: Targeted node must process the header • false: Targeted node may process the header • A header block may contain “relay” attribute • true: Header block targeted at the node must be relayed if it is not processed • false: Header block targeted at the node is not forwarded if it is not processed

  10. Fault Notification • SOAP fault notification mechanism is based on fault details put inside SOAP body <soapenv:Body> <soapenv:Fault> <soapenv:Code> <soapenv:Value> soapenv:Receiver </soapenv:Value> </soapenv:Code> <soapenv:Reason> <soapenv:Text xml:lang="en-US"> Undeclared namespace prefix "ns1" </soapenv:Text> </soapenv:Reason> <soapenv:Detail /> </soapenv:Fault> </soapenv:Body>

  11. Fault Notification (Cont.)‏ • Nested fault details can be placed inside “Subcode” <soapenv:Body> <soapenv:Fault> <soapenv:Code> <soapenv:Value> ... </soapenv:Value> <soapenv:Subcode> <soapenv:Value> ... </soapenv:Value> <soapenv:Subcode> ... </soapenv:Subcode> </soapenv:Subcode> </soapenv:Code> ...

  12. Fault Notification (Cont.)‏ <soapenv:Fault> <soapenv:Code> </soapenv:Code> <soapenv:Reason> </soapenv:Reason> <soapenv:Detail> </soapenv:Detail> <soapenv:Node> </soapenv:Node> <soapenv:Role> </soapenv:Role> </soapenv:Fault> The node that generated the fault The role played by the node that generated the fault

  13. Exercises • In Module 01 (“Introduction to Web Services With Apache Axis2”), we used TCPMon to intercept and inspect SOAP messages between a SOAP client and server. • Capture the communication between TemperatureConverterClient and Server. • Attempt to resend the request and make sure server responds properly. • Add an arbitrary SOAP header block and try. • Set the “role” attribute of the header so that the message is targeted at the next SOAP node. Resend the message. • Set the “mustUnderstand” attribute to “true” and try. • Carefully note if there are differences between responses and HTTP headers in each case.

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