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Estate Planning 101. Wills, Trusts and Powers of Attorney Peter King HAUSWIESNER KING LLP February 21, 2007. Will. Legal declaration of person's wishes regarding disposition of his or her property or estate after death. Why a will?. Property Distribution Reduce Taxes Name Fiduciaries
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Estate Planning 101 Wills, Trusts and Powers of Attorney Peter King HAUSWIESNER KING LLP February 21, 2007 HAUSWIESNER KING LLP
Will • Legal declaration of person's wishes regarding disposition of his or her property or estate after death HAUSWIESNER KING LLP
Why a will? • Property Distribution • Reduce Taxes • Name Fiduciaries • Allows executor • Designates individuals as guardians for children • Waives security on bond • Provides for disabled family member HAUSWIESNER KING LLP
Trust • A fiduciary relationship with respect to property, in which the trustee holds property for the benefit of another person (the beneficiary). HAUSWIESNER KING LLP
Trust Advantages • Avoid Probate • Funded living trust avoids having assets included in the grantor’s probate estate • Avoids delay of probate and reduces expenses • Privacy • No public record; avoids publicizing asset value • Easier Management During Incapacity • Tax Savings HAUSWIESNER KING LLP
Trust Types • Revocable v. Irrevocable • Grantor v. Non-Grantor • Living v. Testamentary • Funded v. Unfunded HAUSWIESNER KING LLP
Revocable v. Irrevocable • Revocable Trust: Settlor retains right to alter, amend or revoke trust and re-acquire assets • Irrevocable Trust: Settlor cannot revoke but may retain power to make investment decisions and control distribution of income and principal to beneficiaries (Relinquishing all rights may be better for estate tax purposes) HAUSWIESNER KING LLP
Grantor v. Non-Grantor • Grantor: Settlor retains certain rights or powers over trust, will be taxed on income generated • Non-Grantor: Settlor gives up any right to income and most discretionary powers; trust becomes separate entity for tax purposes HAUSWIESNER KING LLP
Living v. Testamentary • Living • Trust created during settlor’s lifetime • In Virginia trustee is not required to file annual accountings with the commissioner of accounts unless required to do so by instrument or court order • Testamentary • Trust is created under a testator’s will • Trustee is required to file accountings with commissioner of accounts unless decedent directs accountings are not required HAUSWIESNER KING LLP
Funded v. Unfunded • Funded: Property from settlor’s estate is placed in trust • Unfunded: Trust is set up without any property in it. The property “pours over” from a clause in the pour-over will HAUSWIESNER KING LLP
Common Trusts • Bypass Trust • Qualified Terminable Interest Property Trust (QTIP) • Special Needs Trusts • Pet Trust • Spendthrift Trusts • Irrevocable Life Insurance Trusts • Charitable Remainder Trusts HAUSWIESNER KING LLP
Trust Alternatives • Uniform Transfers to Minors Act • Uniform Custodial Trust Act • POD Bank Accounts, Savings Accounts, US Savings Bonds, TOD Investments • Family Limited Partnerships HAUSWIESNER KING LLP
Powers of Attorney • Durable Power of Attorney • Principal authorizes agent (attorney-in-fact) to act on his/her behalf in the event of disability or incapacity • Advanced Medical Directive (Medical Power of Attorney) • Specifies desires during a terminal illness where death is imminent • Allows principal to designate agent to make health care decisions if incapacitated or disabled • Indicates procedures principal authorizes agent to withhold and withdraw HAUSWIESNER KING LLP