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Why net neutrality is a bad idea

And always was Jon Crowcroft jon.crowcroft@cl.cam.ac.uk. Why net neutrality is a bad idea. At a glance. Neutrality wasn't a goal Neutrality isn't evident Neutrality won't be a driver. Neutrality?. Neutrality?. 1. Past. Pre 92 – only “one” ISP&no real debate Post 88

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Why net neutrality is a bad idea

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  1. And always was Jon Crowcroft jon.crowcroft@cl.cam.ac.uk Why net neutrality is a bad idea

  2. At a glance • Neutrality wasn't a goal • Neutrality isn't evident • Neutrality won't be a driver

  3. Neutrality?

  4. Neutrality?

  5. 1. Past • Pre 92 – only “one” ISP&no real debate • Post 88 • TCP is “unfair” (1/rtt dependence) • Multicast allows free rider receivers • Post 92 • EGP/BGP + NSFNet divest • BGP rapid evolution of discriminatory routes

  6. BGP Ancient History • Pre NSFNet teardown:- • Educational, Defense&Research • shared long haul • Policy was complex • BGP developed to support • Customer, Provider, Transit, Blacker, Early Exit, Discrimators etc etc

  7. TCP Ancient History • Proportional Fairness (c.f. Kelly) • 1/RTT dependence is good • Mitigates against far away service • Encourage use of proxy/cache/cdn • Cost of distance (cross ponds) • led to Oz & UK volume charges for long haul • Scandinavia nets downrating external use of their proxy caches.

  8. 2. Present • Market Failure v. Technical Failure • Vertical, Horizontal, Orthogonal • Asymmetry

  9. Failure to Thrive • QoS • isn't visible (except as make worse) • Multicast • Isn't deployed to the user • despite, e.g. BBC requests for it • Mobility • Doesn't work right in IP • HTTP workaround on smart phones • Multipath/home • Might get there in the end

  10. Failure to stand still • “Best Effort” • route even if dont forward. • Failure to deploy IPv6 means • We don't even have the original service • This is really quite a shocking failure • V6 would allow mobile, multicast, multihome and hip/accountable • What's not to like? :-(

  11. Failure to Compete • European Regulators observe • Access Net • DSL, 3G, Cable... • Core Net • Telco per Nation+New Entrant • Hence [BFD]T (oh, ok Telefonica:) • Slight hiccup • if access, core & cellular or not • So maybe US problem here is structural...

  12. Land Grabs • Of course the internet is not flatland • CDNs formalize cache/proxy • Search “Provider” capture via portal • Content Service Provider (youtube etc) • App provider (fb etc) • ISP could have build these but failed • Inability of GOP to adapt.

  13. 3. Future • Rendezvous with Random • CCN/NDN • Data Center as IXP

  14. Asymmetry v. Random • IP was once symmetric • There's no host!=router in early code • Is now client only (couch potato NATed) • Server big guns • Router fw rules&policy engine • Asymmetry for finding stuff is bad • User only gets what search/cdn thinks they want

  15. Rendezvous • feature of P2P, CCN, Multicast, i3 etc • Random walk scales well • On natural net topologies • And finds things in a content neutral way • Returns us to a symmetric world • Could be green too (another talk...)

  16. Data Centricity • Is one line of innovation I like • But it needs to deploy • Many impl need Ipv6 • hash URI into v6/crypto assigned addr • Some nice novel software stack ideas • Psirp, ndn, haggle • Stifled at birth...

  17. Data Center as IXP • Get rid of routers • they enforce asymmetry • They are the ossification • Internet is getting flatter • c.f. Nanog Arbornet report • CDN/Cloud multihomed • Why not get rid of intermediate routers! • Run Metarouting on cloud

  18. Summary and Conclusions • A lot of the problem is down to • First Mover (dis-)Advantage • Regulatory toothlessness • Search Neutrality • http://googlemonitor.com/2011/ftc-google-antitrust-primer-top-ten-qa/ • 3 body problem – google have solved • 3 legged chair – very stable • Locks in higher level model • Need to break! • Down with neutrality!!!

  19. Questions...

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