Introduction

1. Introduction • War of 1812 • Divided • Suffered defeat • Post-War • America came together as a country • Boundaries the same

2. The Era of Good Feelings

3. Monroe’s Presidency • Election of 1816 was the last time the Federalists had a candidate • Essentially only one political party for next 8 years  spirit of cooperation • Monroe’s two terms of presidency overlooked an “Era of Good Feelings”

5. Era of Good Feelings • Goodwill tour in 1817 • Greeted warmly everywhere (even Federalist New England!) • A Boston newspaper announced that an “Era of Good Feelings” had been ushered in

6. Transportation Revolution • System of canals linked waterways • Erie Canal constructed 1817-1825 • New roads connected cities, foundation • National Road • Toll roads

7. Post-War Economy • 1817 – Postwar economic prosperity  political optimism • Borrowing and buying frenzy • High protective tariff of 1816 helped domestic industry • Inflation • 1818 decline in global need for US products • Bankruptcy • Panic of 1819 • Land value went down; depression • Led to emergence of new political parties

8. Missouri Compromise • Compromise involving slavery and citizenship of free slaves • Temporarily cooled North-South tensions • Represented growing conflict over slavery and sectionalism between North and South

9. Downfalls • Early = tranquility and prosperity • Later = a troubled period • Arguments over tariffs, the bank, internal improvements, and the sale of public lands • Sectionalism intensifying • Conflict over slavery getting ugly

10. But it wasn’t all that bad!((Nationalism)) • High morale after war • American unity • No further American participation in European conflicts • One party, the Republicans, represented a unified front • Transportation literally linked the people

11. The Adams-Onis Treaty (1819) http://medicolegal.tripod.com/mapus1803.jpg

12. Background: before the treaty Monroe elected president Spain owned Florida Florida desired by America War of 1812 Louisiana purchase Jackson’s invasion of Spain

13. Terms of the treaty The treaty was not signed until 1821 due to problems over land titles. Spanish ceded Florida to the US for $7 million. Established the boundaries between Spanish land and American land. East and North Texas border 42 parallel Texas exchange for Florida

14. Who was involved? John Quincy Adams and Don Luis de Onís of Spain Prior, General Andrew Jackson President James Monroe

15. The Adams-Onis Treaty http://www.cretin-derhamhall.org/Departmental/SocialStudies/ Loeblein/WesternExpansion/Group_6/1818-19.gif

16. Importance of the Treaty • General expansion of U.S. Territory and regulations concerning the borders and boundaries. • Peace and neutrality between Spain and America. • “ARTICLE 1There shall be a firm and inviolable peace and sincere friendship between the United States and their Citizens, and His Catholic Majesty, his Successors and Subjects, without exception of persons or places.”

17. John Quincy Adams and Don Luis de Onis of Spain http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/presidents/images/bio6a.jpg http://perso.wanadoo.es/cantalapiedrass/images/Onis1.jpg

18. Nationalism • The addition of Florida as a part of the U.S. • A sense of literal and figurative nationalistic growth • Final exception and settled disputes between the • nations resulted in a unity of America.

19. Monroe Doctrine 1823 www.libertybellmuseum.com/.../images/1560.jpg

20. Background • Europe wanted to restore collapsed monarchies after War of 1812 • Britain and Spain sought to control Pacific coast of North America Americans… Europeans… • Did NOT want Spain to colonize and control South America • Feared Europeans coming back to America to colonize Western land

21. What is the Monroe Doctrine? “Good question!” • President Monroe issued a foreign policy document… • Warning European countries not to intervene in Western Hemisphere • Warning Europeans against colonizing South America • Called for a reaffirmation of America’s neutrality Written with most ideas and help from Secretary of State, John Adams

22. Monroe Doctrine “…American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers." -President Monroe in his Monroe Doctrine Monroe also stated that a failure to comply with this doctrine would result in facing America’s armed force

23. Domestic Unity Written by Thomas Jefferson, in a letter to President Monroe in 1823 Reflects nationalism and Era of Good Feelings “Its object is to introduce and establish the American system, of keeping out of our land all foreign powers, of never permitting those of Europe to intermeddle with the affairs of our nations. It is to maintain our own principle, not to depart from it.” I represent the Democratic- Republicans and we are FOR no foreign entanglements! www.harvardsquarelibrary.org/.../jefferson.jpg

24. Significance • Monroe Doctrine began the idea of Isolationism • Isolationism: seeking to devote the entire efforts of one's country to its own advancement and remain at peace by avoidingforeign entanglements and responsibilities • It helped to prevent foreign intrusion before it could potentially ruin the Republic • TURNING POINT • It unified America in the way that they were all getting rid of the Old World, and looking toward creating a New World

25. Nationalism & Monroe Doctrine • Nationalism: the desire for national advancement or independence • Used Manifest Destiny to justify the doctrine • Manifest Destiny: a policy of imperialism rationalized as inevitable (as if granted by God) • This brought together a unifying idea that American land is for AMERICANS only • Hypocritical because America uses this same principle to take land from Native Americans

26. Symbolizes how the Monroe Doctrine protected America from British war and monarchies www.tea.state.tx.us/.../images/24graphicaa.jpg

27. Political cartoon displaying the Monroe Doctrine www.mexicolore.co.uk/uploadimages/169_02_2.jpg

28. Conclusion • All of these events brought the Americans together • Economically • Politically • Socially

29. Works Cited Eagleton Institute of Poltics. 2004. Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. 2 Oct. 2007. <http://www.eagleton.rutgers.edu/e-gov/e-politicalarchive-goodfeeling.htm>. Fuller, Hubert Bruce. The Purchase of Florida: Its History and Diplomacy . The Burrows Brothers Company, 1906. Kellogg, William O. American History the Easy Way. New York: Barron’s, 2003. McDonald, Archie P.. "The Adams-Onis Treaty." 04 April 2004. East Texas Historical Association. 6 Oct 2007. <http://www.texasescapes.com/AllThingsHistorical/Adams-Onis-Treaty-404AM.htm>. Missouri Compromise. 2 Oct. 2007. <http://www.historicaldocuments.com/ Missouri Compromiselg2.jpg>. Monroe. 2 Oct. 2007. <http://www.earlyamerica.com/portraits/images/monroe.jpg>. Perkins, Dexter. "The Monroe Doctrine." The Monroe Doctrine (1823). 5 Oct. 2007. <http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/democrac/50.htm>. Sisung, Kelle S. and Gerda-Ann Raffaelle, eds. Presidential Administration Profiles for Students. Detroit: Gale Group, 2002. Smith, Gaddis. “The Last Years of the Monroe Doctrine.” US Military History Campaign. 5 Oct. 2007. <http://www.answers.com/topic/monroe-doctrine?cat=biz-fin>. Sunflower. 2 Oct. 2007. <http://www.socksoff.co.uk/00001/page05/Sunflower_1600.jpg>.