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Psychoneuroimmunology and HIV Phil Kucab Mind-Body Medicine

A brief look at. Psychoneuroimmunology and HIV Phil Kucab Mind-Body Medicine. the psyche, the neuroendocrine system and the immune system.

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Psychoneuroimmunology and HIV Phil Kucab Mind-Body Medicine

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  1. A brief look at Psychoneuroimmunology and HIV Phil Kucab Mind-Body Medicine the psyche, the neuroendocrine system and the immune system

  2. Michael Irwin, KavitaVedhara (2005). Human Psychoneuroimmunology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0198568841.  • Thomas C. Neylan, M.D. "Hans Selye and the Field of Stress Research" J Neuropsychiatry ClinNeurosci 10:230, May 1998 • Freeman H, Elmadjian F. The relationship between blood sugar and lymphocyte levels in normal and psychotic subjects. Psychosom Med 1947; 9: 226–33. • Phillips L, Elmadjian F. A Rorschach tension score and the diurnal lymphocyte curve in psychotic subjects. Psychosom Med 1947; 9: 364–71 • Vaughan WTJ, Sullivan JC, Elmadjian F. Immunity and schizophrenia. Psychosom Med 1949; 11: 327–33. • Solomon GF, Moos RH. Emotions, immunity, and disease: a speculative theoretical integration. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1964; 11: 657–74 • R Ader and N Cohen. Behaviorally conditioned immunosuppression. Psychosomatic Medicine, Vol 37, Issue 4 333-340 • Robert Ader- Robert Ader - Papers on Psychoneuroimmunology. • Pert CB, Ruff MR, Weber RJ, Herkenham M. Neuropeptides and their receptors: a psychosomatic network. J Immunol. 1985 Aug;135(2 Suppl):820s-826s • Ruff M, Schiffmann E, Terranova V, Pert • B.Neuropeptides are chemoattractants for human tumor cells and monocytes: a possible mechanism for metastasis. ClinImmunolImmunopathol. 1985 Dec;37(3):387-96 • Covelli V, Passeri ME, Leogrande D, Jirillo E, Amati L. Drug targets in stress-related disorders.Curr Med Chem. 2005;12(15):1801-9|PMID:16029148 • Elenkov IJ, Iezzoni DG, Daly A, Harris AG, Chrousos GP. "Cytokine dysregulation, inflammation and well-being". Neuroimmunomodulation. 2005;12(5):255-69 • Functional Links between the Immune System, Brain Function and Behavior • Kaprio, J., Koskenvuo, M., and Rita, H. (1987). Mortality after bereavement: a prospective study of 95,647 widowed persons. American Journal of Public Health 77(3), 283-7. • Chrousos, G. P. and Gold, P. W. (1992). The concepts of stress and stress system disorders. Overview of physical and behavioral homeostasis. JAMA 267(Mar 4), 1244-52. • Glaser, R. and Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K. (1994). Handbook of Human Stress and Immunity. San Diego: Academic Press. Cohen, S., Tyrrell, D. A., and Smith, A. P. (1991). Psychological stress and susceptibility to the common cold. The New England Journal of Medicine 325(9), 606-12. • Cohen, S. and Williamson, G. M. (1991). Stress and infectious disease in humans. Psychological Bulletin 109(1), 5-24. • Leserman, J., Petitto, J. M., Golden, R. N., Gaynes, B. N., Gu, H., Perkins, D. O., Silva, S. G., Folds, J. D., and Evans, D. L. (2000). Impact of stressful life events, depression, social support, coping, and cortisol on progression to AIDS. The American Journal of Psychiatry 157(8), 1221-8. • Leserman, J., Jackson, E. D., Petitto, J. M., Golden, R. N., Silva, S. G., Perkins, D. O., Cai, J., Folds, J. D., and Evans, D. L. (1999). Progression to AIDS: the effects of stress, depressive symptoms, and social support. Psychosomatic Medicine 61(3), 397-406. • Kaprio, J., Koskenvuo, M., and Rita, H. (1987). Mortality after bereavement: a prospective study of 95,647 widowed persons. American Journal of Public Health 77(3), 283-7. • Andersen, B. L., Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K., and Glaser, R. (1994). A biobehavioral model of cancer stress and disease course. American Psychologist 49(5), 389-404. • Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K. and Glaser, R. (1999). Psychoneuroimmunology and cancer: fact or fiction? European Journal of Cancer 35, 1603-7. • Chrousos, G. P. and Gold, P. W. (1992). The concepts of stress and stress system disorders. Overview of physical and behavioral homeostasis. JAMA 267(Mar 4), 1244-52. • McDonald RD, Yagi K. A note on eosinopenia as an index of psychological stress. Psychosom Med 1960;2 22: 149–50. • Herbert TB, Cohen S. Stress and immunity in humans: a meta-analytic review. Psychosom Med. 1993;55:364–379. • Zorrilla, E. P., Luborsky, L., McKay, J. R., Rosenthal, R., Houldin, A., Tax, A., McCorkle, R., Seligman, D. A., & Schmidt, K. (2001). The relationship of depression and stressors to immunological assays: a meta-analytic review. Brain Behavior and Immunity, 15(3), 199-226. • Papanicolaou DA, Wilder RL, Manolagas SC, Chrousos GP. The pathophysiologic roles of interleukin-6 in human disease. Ann Intern Med 1998; 128: 127–37.The Pathophysiologic Roles of Interleukin-6 in Human Disease Annals of Internal Medicine 15 January 1998 | Volume 128 Issue 2 | Pages 127-137 • Kubera M, Lin AH, Kenis G, Bosmans E, van Bockstaele D, Maes M. "Anti-Inflammatory effects of antidepressants through suppression of the interferon-gamma/interleukin-10 production ratio." J ClinPsychopharmacol. 2001 Apr;21(2):199-206 • Maes M."The immunoregulatory effects of antidepressants". Hum Psychopharmacol. 2001 Jan;16(1):95-103 • Maes M, Kenis G, Kubera M, De Baets M, Steinbusch H, Bosmans E."The negative immunoregulatory effects of fluoxetine in relation to the cAMP-dependent PKA pathway". IntImmunopharmacol. 2005 Mar;5(3):609-18. • Diamond M, Kelly JP, Connor TJ. "Antidepressants suppress production of the Th1 cytokine interferon-gamma, independent of monoamine transporter blockade". EurNeuropsychopharmacol. 2006 Oct;16(7):481-90. • Kubera M, Lin AH, Kenis G, Bosmans E, van Bockstaele D, Maes M. "Anti-Inflammatory effects of antidepressants through suppression of the interferon-gamma/interleukin-10 production ratio." J ClinPsychopharmacol. 2001 Apr;21(2):199-206 • Maes M."The immunoregulatory effects of antidepressants". Hum Psychopharmacol. 2001 Jan;16(1):95-103 • Maes M, Kenis G, Kubera M, De Baets M, Steinbusch H, Bosmans E."The negative immunoregulatory effects of fluoxetine in relation to the cAMP-dependent PKA pathway". IntImmunopharmacol. 2005 Mar;5(3):609-18. • Brustolim D, Ribeiro-dos-Santos R, Kast RE, Altschuler EL, Soares MB. "A new chapter opens in anti-inflammatory treatments: the antidepressant bupropion lowers production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma in mice." IntImmunopharmacol. 2006 Jun;6(6):903-7 • Moulin DE, Clark AJ, Gilron I, Ware MA, Watson CP, Sessle BJ, Coderre T, Morley-Forster PK, Stinson J, Boulanger A, Peng P, Finley GA, Taenzer P, Squire P, Dion D, Cholkan A, Gilani A, Gordon A, Henry J, Jovey R, Lynch M, Mailis-Gagnon A, Panju A, Rollman GB, Velly A; Canadian Pain • Society.Pharmacological management of chronic neuropathic pain - consensus statement and guidelines from the Canadian Pain Society. Pain Res Manag. 2007 Spring;12(1):13-21 • Jones CK, Eastwood BJ, Need AB, Shannon HE. Analgesic effects of serotonergic, noradrenergic or dual reuptake inhibitors in the carrageenan test in rats: evidence for synergism between serotonergic and noradrenergic reuptake inhibition.Neuropharmacology. 2006 Dec;51(7-8):1172-80. • Covelli V, Passeri ME, Leogrande D, Jirillo E, Amati L. Drug targets in stress-related disorders. Curr Med Chem. 2005;12(15):1801-9 • Kulmatycki KM, Jamali F. "Drug disease interactions: role of inflammatory mediators in depression and variability in antidepressant drug response". J PharmPharm Sci. 2006;9(3):292-306. • O'Brien SM, Scott LV, Dinan TG. "Cytokines: abnormalities in major depression and implications for pharmacological treatment". Hum Psychopharmacol. 2004 Aug;19(6):397-403. • Roberts, Thomas B. (2006). "Do Entheogen-induced Mystical Experiences Boost the Immune System?: Psychedelics, Peak Experiences, and Wellness." Chapter 6 in Psychedelic Horizons. Westport, CT: Praeger/Greenwood. HIVandstress=2068

  3. The goal is to stay as healthy as possible as long as possible

  4. HIV positive people? 1 How do we measure health status in Viral Load = speed of train CD4+ T-Cell Count = track remaining

  5. Finding out you are HIVpositiveisstressful 7

  6. Is depression associated with more rapid HIVprogression? 38% greater loss Burack, JAMA, 1993 of CD4+ T-cells/year were more likely to Lyketsos, JAMA, 1993 Men with more symptoms be depressed

  7. StressfulLife Events. Progression to AIDSand 8

  8. ? Is there a biological basis

  9. “Slow HIV progression is correlated with low CCR5receptor density.” 10 “norepinephrine enhanced replication of both CCR5in vitro via chemokine receptor up-regulationand enhanced viral gene expression” 3

  10. “To the extent that one’s medical condition and/or by stress, symptoms are caused or made worse we can help.” Herbert Benson, MD Benson-Henry Institute for Mind-Body Medicine

  11. Most frequently used alternativeand complementarytherapies 5

  12. Non-exercise control showed significant increases in anxiety and depressionas well as decreases in their NK cell count 5

  13. Those in the exercise treatment group showed no similar changes and showed a significant increase in CD4+ Lymphocyte levels. 5

  14. Prayerhas been clinically examined in an HIV-negative cohort with regard to self-esteem, anxiety, depression and showed significant improvement in 11 outcome measures. (O’Laire, 1997) The majority HIV+ participants increase their practice of prayer since their HIV diagnosis. 5

  15. Massage boosts immune system function by: • Reducing anxiety and stress• Increasing white blood cell counts• Decreasing levels of cortisol • Activating natural killer cells

  16. Reframing challenges may not change reality, but it can change attitude.

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