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Mastering Verbs: -ing Forms, Infinitives, and Bare Infinitives

Learn the nuances of using -ing forms, to-infinitives, and bare infinitives with various verbs, prepositions, and expressions in English grammar. Find out how each form is applied in different contexts and how they affect the meaning of sentences.

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Mastering Verbs: -ing Forms, Infinitives, and Bare Infinitives

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  1. -Ing forms and infinitives

  2. We use the -ing forms • Sometimes as a noun: Dancing is my favourite hobby. • After all prepositions, including particles of phrasal verbs: I learned to play the guitar by practising. I’ve given up smoking. • After certain expressions/prepositional phrases: I’m fed up with doing exams. • As the second part of a compound adjective: He’s very good-looking.

  3. 1) -ing forms • After certain verbs:1. Sarah enjoys going to school. 2. I’m considering going to college. • After prepositions:He’s looking forward to going to University. Is there any point in studying literature? • In certain expressions:It’s no good/use waiting.It’s not worth waiting.It’s a waste of time asking.I’m having difficulty/problems concentrating.We spend a lot of time revising.

  4. 2. To-infinitive After certain verbs/phrases:I want to study medicine.My friends taught me to swim.I can’t afford to go on holiday. Agree, appear, arrange, ask, attempt, care, choose, decide, expect, … • After certain adjectives or nouns:It’s hard to learn language well.It’s my ambition to be a doctor.

  5. 3. Bare infinitive • After make/let:The teacher let me go home. • After certain expression:I’d rather not go.You’d better do your homework. • After most modal verbs:I might see you later. • (!!Be careful of ought to: We ought to leave now.)

  6. 4. -ing form vs infinitive • I like to play/playing tennis on Saturday (specific situation)small change of meaning: begin, continue, start • A. I remember starting primary school (memory of a past event) • B. I must remember to do my homework tonight. (I mustn’t forget) Complete change in meaning: forget, go on, mean, regret, remember, stop, try • A. I heard my friend shout (completed action) • B. I heard my friend shouting (action in progress)

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